Obrusnikova Iva, Cavalier Albert R, Novak Haley M, Blair Ashleigh E
Department of Behavioral Health and Nutrition, University of Delaware, United States.
School of Education, University of Delaware, United States.
J Behav Educ. 2020 Sep;29(3):584-605. doi: 10.1007/s10864-019-09328-7. Epub 2019 May 14.
Musculoskeletal fitness is important for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) to maintain cardiovascular fitness, functional independence, and work task performance, and to reduce the risk of chronic diseases and other disabilities. However, adults with ID typically have significantly lower musculoskeletal fitness compared with their peers without a disability. Appropriate instructional strategies are needed to facilitate their acquisition and maintenance of musculoskeletal fitness. In this study, three adults with moderate ID, aged 19-20 years, were selected to evaluate the effects of a multi-component treatment package that included a video-enhanced system of least-to-most prompts (LMP) on their acquisition of two muscle-strengthening machine exercises. Results from a multiple-baseline-across-participants single-subject design show substantive gains in correct and independent performance of steps in the two exercises during the treatment condition. The improved performance in both exercises was maintained one week and two weeks after the last treatment session and appeared to have extended to a large fitness room. The study suggests that use of the video-enhanced system of LMP as an additional or alternate type of instruction can lead to improved acquisition and maintenance of muscle-strengthening exercises by young adults with moderate ID.
肌肉骨骼健康对于患有智力障碍（ID）的成年人维持心血管健康、功能独立性和工作任务表现，以及降低慢性病和其他残疾风险至关重要。然而，与无残疾的同龄人相比，患有ID的成年人通常肌肉骨骼健康水平显著较低。需要适当的教学策略来促进他们获得和维持肌肉骨骼健康。在本研究中，选取了三名年龄在19 - 20岁、患有中度ID的成年人，以评估一个多成分治疗方案的效果，该方案包括一个视频增强的从最少到最多提示（LMP）系统，对他们学习两种肌肉强化器械练习的影响。多基线跨参与者单受试者设计的结果表明，在治疗期间，两种练习步骤的正确和独立表现有显著提高。在最后一次治疗 session 后一周和两周，两种练习的表现改善得以维持，并且似乎已扩展到一个大型健身室。该研究表明，使用视频增强的LMP系统作为一种额外的或替代的教学类型，可以使患有中度ID的年轻人在肌肉强化练习的学习和维持方面取得改善。
