Rosenhauer Valentin, Simmel Stefan
Orthopädie, Sana Rehabilitationsklinik Sommerfeld, Sommerfeld, Deutschland.
Abteilung für BG-Rehabilitation, BG-Unfallklinik Murnau, Professor-Küntscher-Str. 8, 82418, Murnau, Deutschland.
Unfallchirurg. 2021 May;124(5):419-426. doi: 10.1007/s00113-021-00987-8. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
A seamless rehabilitation of polytrauma patients starting as early as possible is the primary goal in order to ensure long-term participation and quality of life. In reality, however, there is often still a large time gap between acute care and inpatient rehabilitation, the "rehab hole".The aim of the phase model of trauma rehabilitation is to ensure a complete rehabilitation chain. After acute patient care (phase A) and a potentially required early patient rehabilitation (phase B), trauma rehabilitation should seamlessly continue on to phase C.In order to identify those patients who require specialized phase C trauma rehabilitation before discharge from acute treatment, the DGOU trauma rehabilitation working group suggests a simple assessment. The trauma rehabilitation score (TRS) is based on two parts, a prescreening and a main screening. It supports the trauma surgeon at the end of the acute treatment with the needs-based indications for further rehabilitation and serves as an argumentation aid to the payers of the rehabilitation.In addition to the early rehabilitation Barthel index (FRB) for assessing the need for care and mobility, other relevant characteristics are recorded. From a rehabilitation point of view, a special effort arises from an increased diagnostic and therapeutic needs, through specialist care and treatment in nonorthopedic areas, extensive wound management, pain therapy measures, the provision of aids and special psychological care for the seriously injured.
尽早开始对多发伤患者进行无缝康复治疗是首要目标,以确保其长期参与度和生活质量。然而,在现实中,急性护理和住院康复之间往往仍存在较大的时间间隔,即“康复缺口”。创伤康复阶段模型的目的是确保完整的康复链条。在急性患者护理(A阶段)和可能需要的早期患者康复(B阶段)之后,创伤康复应无缝衔接至C阶段。为了在急性治疗出院前识别出那些需要专门的C阶段创伤康复的患者,德国骨科与矫形外科学会(DGOU)创伤康复工作组建议进行一项简单评估。创伤康复评分(TRS)基于两个部分,即预筛查和主筛查。它在急性治疗结束时为创伤外科医生提供基于需求的进一步康复指征支持,并作为向康复支付方提供论证的辅助工具。除了用于评估护理需求和活动能力的早期康复巴氏指数(FRB)外,还记录其他相关特征。从康复的角度来看,由于诊断和治疗需求增加、非骨科领域的专科护理和治疗、广泛的伤口处理、疼痛治疗措施、辅助器具的提供以及对重伤患者的特殊心理护理,会产生特殊的工作难度。