Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Kobergerstraße 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany.
Institute of General Practice, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstraße 29, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2021 Jul;54(4):365-370. doi: 10.1007/s00391-021-01872-0. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
A holistic biopsychosocial model focused on functioning in individual contexts (environment, task) is better suited to meet the needs of older patients than disease only based models. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is the official standard for describing functional health. As the ICF is too detailed to be used in practice, brief core sets have been developed.
This study aimed to identify relevant aspects of functioning for older primary care patients from the perspective of healthcare professionals in Germany.
An internet-based cross-sectional expert survey was conducted in preparation for the development of an ICF core set for community-dwelling patients aged 75 years and older. Open-ended questions to identify the most important aspects of functioning and disability in old age were used. Responses were analyzed based on a content analysis approach to identify relevant concepts in the care of the target population. These concepts were then linked to ICF categories according to established linking rules.
A total of 63 experts participated in this survey. Across all responses, 2240 meaningful concepts were identified. A total of 75 ICF categories (4 first level categories, 67 second level categories, 4 code combinations) were identified by at least 5% of respondents and will thus be considered as candidate categories for the final ICF core set. Most of concepts were associated with the environmental factors component. The most frequently identified categories were immediate family and family relationships.
This survey provides a list of relevant ICF categories from the experts' perspective and together with other preparatory studies will be used for developing an ICF core set for community-dwelling older adults in primary care.
与仅基于疾病的模型相比，关注个体环境和任务背景下功能的整体生物心理社会模型更能满足老年患者的需求。《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICF）是描述功能健康的官方标准。由于 ICF 过于详细，不便于在实践中使用，因此制定了简短的核心集。
本研究旨在从德国医疗保健专业人员的角度确定老年初级保健患者相关的功能方面。
为了制定适用于 75 岁及以上社区居住患者的 ICF 核心集，我们进行了一项基于互联网的横断面专家调查。使用开放式问题来确定老年人功能和残疾的最重要方面。根据内容分析法分析响应，以确定目标人群护理中的相关概念。然后根据既定的链接规则将这些概念链接到 ICF 类别。
共有 63 名专家参与了这项调查。在所有回复中，共确定了 2240 个有意义的概念。共有 75 个 ICF 类别（4 个一级类别、67 个二级类别、4 个代码组合）至少被 5%的受访者确定，因此将被视为最终 ICF 核心集的候选类别。大多数概念与环境因素组成部分相关。被识别最多的类别是直系亲属和家庭关系。
这项调查从专家的角度提供了一个 ICF 类别列表，并将与其他预备研究一起用于为初级保健中的社区居住老年人制定 ICF 核心集。
