School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.
School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Inflammopharmacology. 2021 Aug;29(4):925-938. doi: 10.1007/s10787-021-00801-2. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Intervention studies using New Zealand green-lipped or greenshell™ mussel (GSM) (Perna canaliculus) extract in osteoarthritis (OA) patients have shown effective pain relief. This systematic review summarises the efficacy of GSM extracts in the treatment of OA.
A literature search of the three databases EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Scopus was performed to identify relevant articles published up to March 2020. Inclusion criteria were clinical trials published in English measuring the effect of supplementation of whole or a lipid extract from GSM on pain and mobility outcomes in OA patients.
A total of nine clinical trials were included in systematic review, from which five studies were considered appropriate for inclusion in a forest plot. Pooled results showed that GSM extracts (lipid extract or whole powder) provide moderate and clinically significant treatment effects on a visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score (effect size: - 0.46; 95% CI - 0.82 to - 0.10; p = 0.01). The whole GSM extract improved gastrointestinal symptoms in OA patients taking anti-inflammatory medications. The GSM extract was considered to be generally well tolerated in most of the studies.
The overall analysis showed that GSM provided moderate and clinically meaningful treatment effects on OA pain. However, the current evidence is limited by the number and quality of studies, and further larger and high-quality studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and to identify the optimal GSM format. Nevertheless, it is worth considering using GSM extracts especially for patients seeking alternative pain relief treatments with fewer side effects compared to conventional treatment.
使用新西兰绿唇贻贝（GSM）（Perna canaliculus）提取物的干预研究表明，其对骨关节炎（OA）患者有有效的止痛效果。本系统评价总结了 GSM 提取物治疗 OA 的疗效。
对 EMBASE、MEDLINE 和 Scopus 这三个数据库进行文献检索，以确定截至 2020 年 3 月发表的相关文章。纳入标准为发表的英语临床研究，评估了补充整个或脂质提取物的 GSM 对 OA 患者疼痛和活动能力的影响。
系统评价共纳入了 9 项临床试验，其中 5 项研究被认为适合纳入森林图。汇总结果显示，GSM 提取物（脂质提取物或全粉）对视觉模拟评分（VAS）疼痛评分有中度和临床显著的治疗作用（效应大小：-0.46；95%CI-0.82 至-0.10；p=0.01）。整个 GSM 提取物改善了服用抗炎药物的 OA 患者的胃肠道症状。在大多数研究中，GSM 提取物被认为具有良好的耐受性。
总体分析表明，GSM 对 OA 疼痛有中度和临床意义的治疗作用。然而，目前的证据受到研究数量和质量的限制，需要进一步进行更大规模和高质量的研究来证实其疗效，并确定最佳的 GSM 形式。尽管如此，考虑使用 GSM 提取物治疗还是值得的，尤其是对于那些寻求替代止痛治疗且副作用比传统治疗更少的患者。
