Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros avenue, s/n, 52171-900, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Plant Production, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Gregório Ferraz Nogueira avenue, s/n, 56909-535, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Plant Production, Academic Unit of Serra Talhada, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Gregório Ferraz Nogueira avenue, s/n, 56909-535, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021 May;162:421-430. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.011. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Plants with the crassulacean acid metabolism commonly present good adaptation to arid and semi-arid environments, but it highly depends on the type of species. In this study, chlorophyll fluorescence, the concentration of inorganic and organic solutes and the productive performance were evaluated along with their relationships in different clones of the genera Opuntia and Nopalea. The experiment was conducted from 2016 to 2018. Four clones of genus Opuntia were evaluated: 'Orelha de Elefante Mexicana' (OEM), 'Orelha de Elefante Africana' (OEA), V19 and F8; and two clones of genus Nopalea: 'IPA Sertânia' and 'Miúda'. The experiment was arranged in a randomised block design, with six treatments and three replications. The following parameters were measured when harvesting: initial, maximum and variable fluorescence; the quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm); light-induction curves of the photochemical parameters (ΔF/Fm', qP, NPQ and ETR); the chlorophyll and carotenoid content; carbohydrates; the sodium (Na) and potassium (K) content; morphometry; and dry matter accumulation. The values for the effective quantum yield of PSII (ΔF/Fm') and the alterations in photochemical quenching were higher in the OEM clone (P < 0.05). There was a difference between clones for non-photochemical quenching, with the F8 clone having the highest values. The Fv/Fm was 0.87 for the OEM. 'IPA Sertânia' obtained the greatest Chl a/b, and the highest values for carbohydrate concentration were found in the OEA clone. The OEM clone showed the greatest accumulation of K, in addition to a higher cladode area index and greater dry matter accumulation. The results of this study show the high physiological tolerance of the forage cactus to a semi-arid environment, which varies according to the clone.
景天酸代谢植物通常具有良好的适应干旱和半干旱环境的能力，但这高度依赖于物种类型。在这项研究中，评估了不同仙人掌属（Opuntia）和量天尺属（Nopalea）克隆的叶绿素荧光、无机和有机溶质浓度以及生产性能，并研究了它们之间的关系。该实验于 2016 年至 2018 年进行。评估了四个仙人掌属克隆：“墨西哥象耳”（OEM）、“非洲象耳”（OEA）、V19 和 F8；以及两个量天尺属克隆：“IPA Sertânia”和“Miúda”。实验采用随机区组设计，设 6 个处理，3 次重复。收获时测量以下参数：初始、最大和可变荧光；PSII 的量子产率（Fv/Fm）；光化学参数的光诱导曲线（ΔF/Fm'、qP、NPQ 和 ETR）；叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量；碳水化合物；钠（Na）和钾（K）含量；形态计量学；以及干物质积累。OEM 克隆的 PSII 有效量子产率（ΔF/Fm'）和光化学猝灭的变化值较高（P<0.05）。不同克隆之间存在非光化学猝灭的差异，F8 克隆的非光化学猝灭值最高。OEM 的 Fv/Fm 为 0.87。“IPA Sertânia”获得了最大的 Chl a/b，OEA 克隆的碳水化合物浓度最高。OEM 克隆表现出对 K 的最大积累，此外还有更高的节间区面积指数和更大的干物质积累。本研究结果表明，饲料仙人掌对半干旱环境具有较高的生理耐受性，但因克隆而异。
