Chen Jie, Wang Juan, Wang Yi-Wen, Yao Qi-Xing, Su De-Chun
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Pollution Prevention Control and Remediation, College of Resource and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Apr 8;42(4):2031-2039. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202008161.
The Cd bioaccumulation factor (BCF) of crops is affected by many aspects. In order to clarify the differences in the Cd bioaccumulation factor characteristics of different crops under field conditions and the influence of soil properties, point-to-point samples of soil and crop grains were collected during crop harvesting on plots with varying pollution levels in the primary production areas of rice, wheat, and maize in China. The characteristics of the Cd bioaccumulation factors of rice, wheat, summer maize, and spring maize and the effects of soil properties on the Cd bioaccumulation factors of different crops were studied, and the quantitative relationship between the Cd bioaccumulation factors and soil properties was established through multiple regression equations. The results revealed that the average BCF values of Cd in rice, wheat, summer maize, and spring maize were 0.915, 0.155, 0.113, and 0.102, respectively, with the Cd content in the field soil of 0.15-2.66 mg·kg. Rice is significantly higher than wheat and maize, and spring maize has the lowest Cd bioaccumulation factor. The Cd content in the soil is extremely negatively correlated with the BCF of wheat, summer maize, and spring maize. The relationship between soil organic matter (SOM) and the BCF of wheat and summer maize demonstrated a significant negative correlation. The soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) also affect the BCF of crops. Introducing the soil Cd content, pH, SOM, CEC, and other factors, the Cd bioaccumulation factor prediction equations of rice, wheat, summer maize, and spring maize were established. The correlation coefficients of the BCF prediction equations for rice, wheat, summer maize, and spring maize are 0.423, 0.796, 0.826, and 0.551, respectively. The above models reached significant or extremely significant levels, which can better predict the BCF value of different crops under varying soil conditions.
作物的镉生物累积系数（BCF）受多方面因素影响。为阐明田间条件下不同作物镉生物累积系数特征差异及土壤性质的影响，在中国水稻、小麦和玉米主产区不同污染水平的地块上，于作物收获期采集土壤和作物籽粒的点对点样本。研究了水稻、小麦、夏玉米和春玉米的镉生物累积系数特征以及土壤性质对不同作物镉生物累积系数的影响，并通过多元回归方程建立了镉生物累积系数与土壤性质的定量关系。结果表明，在田间土壤镉含量为0.15 - 2.66 mg·kg时，水稻、小麦、夏玉米和春玉米镉的平均BCF值分别为0.915、0.155、0.113和0.102。水稻显著高于小麦和玉米，春玉米的镉生物累积系数最低。土壤镉含量与小麦、夏玉米和春玉米的BCF呈极显著负相关。土壤有机质（SOM）与小麦和夏玉米的BCF之间呈显著负相关。土壤pH值和阳离子交换量（CEC）也影响作物的BCF。引入土壤镉含量、pH值、SOM、CEC等因素，建立了水稻、小麦、夏玉米和春玉米的镉生物累积系数预测方程。水稻、小麦、夏玉米和春玉米BCF预测方程的相关系数分别为0.423、0.796、0.826和0.551。上述模型达到显著或极显著水平，能够较好地预测不同土壤条件下不同作物的BCF值。
