Guo Wen-Kai, Li Guang-Yao, Chen Bing, Xia Jia-Qi, Zhang Rui-Xin, Liu Xiao, Zhu Yu-Fan, Chen Qiang
Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Feb 8;42(2):634-642. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202007088.
City-scale high-resolution anthropogenic emission inventories are an important tool for ambient air quality forecasting and early warning, the analysis of underlying causes, and policy making. At present, city-scale anthropogenic emissions inventories for use in air quality models are scarce for West China. By studying the literature on emission inventories, this paper establishes a city-scale anthropogenic emission inventory for Lanzhou (HEI-LZ16) as the basis for an air quality model. The weather research and forecasting with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was used to evaluate the applicability of the emission inventory at different resolutions in Lanzhou. The results showed that the emission amounts of SO, NO, CO, NH, VOCs, PM, PM, BC, and OC in Lanzhou were 25642, 53998, 319003, 10475, 35289, 49250, 19822, 2476, and 1482 t·a in 2016,respectively. Compared with the simulation scenario of multi-resolution emission inventory for China (MEIC), normalized mean error (NME) of O and PM under the HEI-LZ16 scenario decreased by 140.2% and 28.8%, respectively. The HEI-LZ16 inventory is more suitable for application in air pollution research in Lanzhou, which was verified by the WRF-Chem model and the observational data. The spatiotemporal distributions of PM and O were also analyzed using the HEI-LZ16 scenario. The ozone concentration of the maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8) in Lanzhou was low in urban areas and high in the suburbs during winter and spring, and high in the west of the urban valley and its downwind areas during summer and autumn. MDA8 in summer and autumn was influenced by easterly winds and photochemical reactions. In winter, ozone concentrations in urban areas are suppressed by NO emissions but the concentration decreases. High PM concentrations are mainly concentrated within the Yellow River Valley. This study shows that there is a pollutant transmission channel along the western side of the Baiyin-Lanzhou Yellow River Valley, which has a greater impact on the ambient air quality in Lanzhou.
城市尺度的高分辨率人为排放清单是进行空气质量预测与预警、分析潜在成因以及制定政策的重要工具。目前，中国西部用于空气质量模型的城市尺度人为排放清单较为匮乏。通过研究排放清单相关文献，本文建立了兰州市城市尺度人为排放清单（HEI-LZ16），作为空气质量模型的基础。利用气象研究与预报化学（WRF-Chem）模型评估了该排放清单在兰州市不同分辨率下的适用性。结果表明，2016年兰州市SO、NO、CO、NH、VOCs、PM、PM、BC和OC的排放量分别为25642、53998、319003、10475、35289、49250、19822、2476和1482吨·年。与中国多分辨率排放清单模拟情景（MEIC）相比，HEI-LZ16情景下O和PM的归一化平均误差（NME）分别降低了140.2%和28.8%。WRF-Chem模型和观测数据验证了HEI-LZ16清单更适合应用于兰州的空气污染研究。还利用HEI-LZ16情景分析了PM和O的时空分布。兰州市冬季和春季城区最大日8小时平均臭氧浓度（MDA8）较低，郊区较高；夏季和秋季城市山谷西部及其下风区较高。夏季和秋季的MDA8受东风和光化学反应影响。冬季，城区臭氧浓度受到NO排放的抑制而降低。高PM浓度主要集中在黄河谷地内。本研究表明，白银-兰州黄河谷地西侧存在污染物传输通道，对兰州的环境空气质量影响较大。
