He Yun, Li Kui-Xiao, Wang Jia-Wei, Wang Wei, Fan Peng-Chao, Chen Hang-Hang, Wang Jun-Jing
Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China.
Research and Development Center of Beijing Drainage Group Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Mar 8;42(3):1488-1495. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202007015.
Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have different treatment effects during different seasons due to changes in water quality and temperature. To understand bacterial community structure and diversity dynamics in the WWTPs, this study employed high-throughput sequencing technology during winter and summer. A total of 60 activated sludge samples were collected in five WWTPs in Beijing with different treatment processes in summer (temperature=28℃±2℃, water temperature=24.9℃±1.1℃) and winter (temperature=0℃±3℃, water temperature=16.8℃±1.3℃). The relative abundances of dominant bacterial genera in activated sludge varied significantly between the WWTPs but microbial community structure was typically similar between different treatment units (i.e., the anaerobic tank, anoxic tank, and aerobic tank) at each WWTP. At the same time, different bacteria dominated in winter and summer, when the relative abundance of , , and was 6.07%, 4.50%, and 4.44% respectively, when the relative abundance of , and in winter was 10.17%, 3.96%, and 3.28%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that temperature, total nitrogen (TN), NH-N, total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were the main environmental factors affecting microbial community structure, of which temperature had the greatest effect on species composition followed by TN. Furthermore, a predictive analysis of functional enzymes indicated that the abundance of key enzymes involved in the nitrogen cycle in the activated sludge of WWTPs is higher in winter than that in summer. These results show that temperature, water quality, and treatment process affect bacterial community structure (i.e., dominance and abundance) in WWTP activated sludge.
由于水质和温度的变化，污水处理厂（WWTPs）在不同季节具有不同的处理效果。为了解污水处理厂中细菌群落结构和多样性动态，本研究在冬季和夏季采用了高通量测序技术。在北京的五个具有不同处理工艺的污水处理厂中，于夏季（温度=28℃±2℃，水温=24.9℃±1.1℃）和冬季（温度=0℃±3℃，水温=16.8℃±1.3℃）共采集了60个活性污泥样本。活性污泥中优势细菌属的相对丰度在各污水处理厂之间差异显著，但每个污水处理厂不同处理单元（即厌氧池、缺氧池和好氧池）的微生物群落结构通常相似。同时，冬季和夏季占主导地位的细菌不同，夏季时，[具体细菌属1]、[具体细菌属2]和[具体细菌属3]的相对丰度分别为6.07%、4.50%和4.44%，冬季时，[具体细菌属4]和[具体细菌属5]的相对丰度分别为10.17%、3.96%和3.28%。相关性分析表明，温度、总氮（TN）、氨氮（NH-N）、总磷（TP）和化学需氧量（COD）是影响微生物群落结构的主要环境因素，其中温度对物种组成的影响最大，其次是TN。此外，功能酶的预测分析表明，污水处理厂活性污泥中参与氮循环的关键酶的丰度在冬季高于夏季。这些结果表明，温度、水质和处理工艺会影响污水处理厂活性污泥中的细菌群落结构（即优势度和丰度）。
