Velazquez-Meza Maria Elena, Galarde-López Miguel, Cornejo-Juárez Patricia, Carrillo-Quiroz Berta Alicia, Velázquez-Acosta Consuelo, Bobadilla-Del-Valle Miriam, Ponce-de-León Alfredo, Alpuche-Aranda Celia Mercedes
Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca City 62100, Mexico.
Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Microorganisms. 2024 Mar 24;12(4):645. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12040645.
The objective of the study was to detect multidrug-resistant sp. and sp. isolates in municipal and hospital wastewater and to determine their elimination or persistence after wastewater treatment. Between August 2021 and September 2022, raw and treated wastewater samples were collected at two hospital and two community wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In each season of the year, two treated and two raw wastewater samples were collected in duplicate at each of the WWTPs studied. Screening and presumptive identification of staphylococci and enterococci was performed using chromoagars, and identification was performed with the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using VITEK 2 automated system. There were 56 wastewater samples obtained during the study period. A total of 182 sp. and 248 sp. were identified. The highest frequency of sp. isolation was in spring and summer (n = 129, 70.8%), and for sp. it was in autumn and winter (n = 143, 57.7%). Sixteen isolates of sp. and sixty-three of sp. persisted during WWTP treatments. Thirteen species of staphylococci and seven species of enterococci were identified. Thirty-one isolates of sp. and ninety-four of sp. were multidrug-resistant. Resistance to vancomycin (1.1%), linezolid (2.7%), and daptomycin (8.2%/10.9%%), and a lower susceptibility to tigecycline (2.7%), was observed. This study evidences the presence of sp. and sp. resistant to antibiotics of last choice of clinical treatment, in community and hospital wastewater and their ability to survive WWTP treatment systems.
本研究的目的是检测城市和医院废水中的耐多药葡萄球菌属和肠球菌属分离株，并确定其在废水处理后的消除或持久性。在2021年8月至2022年9月期间，在两家医院和两家社区污水处理厂（WWTPs）采集了原废水和处理后废水样本。在一年的每个季节，在所研究的每个污水处理厂重复采集两份处理后废水样本和两份原废水样本。使用显色培养基对葡萄球菌和肠球菌进行筛选和初步鉴定，并用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）进行鉴定。使用VITEK 2自动化系统进行药敏试验。研究期间共获得56份废水样本。共鉴定出182株葡萄球菌属和248株肠球菌属。葡萄球菌属分离的最高频率出现在春季和夏季（n = 129，70.8%），肠球菌属则出现在秋季和冬季（n = 143，57.7%）。16株葡萄球菌属分离株和63株肠球菌属分离株在污水处理厂处理过程中存活下来。鉴定出13种葡萄球菌和7种肠球菌。31株葡萄球菌属分离株和94株肠球菌属分离株耐多药。观察到对万古霉素（1.1%）、利奈唑胺（2.7%）和达托霉素（8.2%/10.9%）耐药，对替加环素敏感性较低（2.7%）。本研究证明了社区和医院废水中存在对临床治疗的最后选择抗生素耐药的葡萄球菌属和肠球菌属，以及它们在污水处理厂处理系统中存活的能力。
