Genitourinary, CNS and Sarcoma Tumor Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
Curr Opin Urol. 2021 May 1;31(3):242-248. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000869.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the 6th most often diagnosed cancer in men and the 10th in women. Nearly 75% of the renal cancer cases are clear cell histologic subtype, whereas nonclear cell histologies represent the remaining 25%. Treatment options for clear renal type are well established. However, as nonclear RCC represents a heterogenous and less frequent group. Current treatment options for these tumors are limited and mostly based on evidence derived from small phase II clinical trials. The present review aims to provide an update of the available treatment options for nonclear RCC.
In the past decade, the vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, everolimus, and temsirolimus, have demonstrated limited efficacy in nonclear RCC. Recent studies with MET inhibitors and immunotherapy-based combinations have proven promising activity, especially in certain subgroups of patients, such as patients with MET-driven disease or patients with sarcomatoid features RCC.
Here, we report currently available data about biology and treatment of nonclear cell RCC.
肾细胞癌（RCC）是男性中第 6 种最常见的癌症，女性中第 10 种最常见的癌症。近 75%的肾癌病例为透明细胞组织学亚型，而其余 25%为非透明细胞组织学。透明肾细胞类型的治疗选择已经确立。然而，由于非透明 RCC 代表了一组异质性和较少见的群体。目前这些肿瘤的治疗选择有限，主要基于从小型 II 期临床试验中得出的证据。本综述旨在提供非透明 RCC 现有治疗选择的最新信息。
在过去十年中，血管内皮生长因子酪氨酸激酶抑制剂舒尼替尼和哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白抑制剂依维莫司和替西罗莫司在非透明 RCC 中的疗效有限。最近的研究表明，MET 抑制剂和免疫治疗为基础的联合治疗具有很有前途的活性，尤其是在某些亚组患者中，如 MET 驱动的疾病患者或具有肉瘤样特征的 RCC 患者。
在这里，我们报告了关于非透明细胞 RCC 的生物学和治疗的现有数据。
