Yang Shuai, Li Li, Wang Liqian, Zeng Jiaqi, Yan Bin, Li Yinglan
Nursing School, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan, China.
BMC Nurs. 2021 Mar 20;20(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12912-021-00561-y.
Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses are at high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs). Data on occupational injuries indicate the significance of WRMDs among ICU nurses. Intervention programs have previously been developed to reduce WRMDs, but different intervention methods need to be adopted for different groups of people. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidimensional intervention program to prevent and reduce WRMDs in ICU nurses.
This study was designed as a two-armed cluster-controlled trial with an intervention group and a control group. The clusters were independent hospital ICUs, and the participants consisted of registered nurses in China. By cluster random sampling, 89 nurses from two ICUs were assigned to the intervention group, and 101 nurses from two other ICUs were assigned to the control group. A multidimensional intervention program based on previous studies was designed. This program combined improving risk perception, health behavior training, and promoting a safe working environment. The multidimensional intervention program was implemented in the intervention group, whereas routine specialist training was implemented in the control group. Baseline and follow-up (3 and 6 months) data were collected using self-reported online questionnaires. The primary outcome was the report rate of WRMDs in the past 7 days. Secondary outcomes were risk perception, application of health behavior, and perception of a safe working environment. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 19.0.
A total of 190 nurses provided three recorded outcome measurements (intervention group, N = 89 (94.68%); control group, N = 101 (94.39%)). After 6 months, the intervention group experienced significant improvement relative to the control group in the report rate of WRMDs in the past 7 days (OR = 1.953, p = 0.037), risk perception (OR = 0.517, p < 0.001), application of health behavior (OR = 0.025, p < 0.001), and perception of a safe working environment (OR = 1.637, p = 0.024).
The multidimensional intervention program was superior to routine specialist training in preventing the occurrence of WRMDs in ICU nurses. WRMD training should include multifaceted approaches and pay increased attention to specific department functions.
重症监护病房（ICU）护士患与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WRMDs）的风险很高。职业伤害数据表明WRMDs在ICU护士中具有重要意义。此前已制定干预计划以减少WRMDs，但不同人群需要采用不同的干预方法。本研究旨在评估一项多维干预计划预防和减少ICU护士WRMDs的效果。
本研究设计为双臂整群对照试验，分为干预组和对照组。整群为独立的医院ICU，参与者为中国的注册护士。通过整群随机抽样，将来自两个ICU的89名护士分配到干预组，将来自另外两个ICU的101名护士分配到对照组。基于先前研究设计了一项多维干预计划。该计划结合了提高风险认知、健康行为培训和促进安全工作环境。干预组实施多维干预计划，而对照组实施常规专科培训。使用自我报告的在线问卷收集基线和随访（3个月和6个月）数据。主要结局是过去7天内WRMDs的报告率。次要结局是风险认知、健康行为的应用和对安全工作环境的认知。使用SPSS 19.0对数据进行统计分析。
共有190名护士提供了三次记录的结局测量（干预组，N = 89（94.68%）；对照组，N = 1 [01（94.39%）]。6个月后，干预组在过去7天内WRMDs的报告率（OR = 1.953，p = 0.037）、风险认知（OR = 0.517，p < 0.001）、健康行为的应用（OR = 0.025，p < 0.001）和对安全工作环境的认知（OR = 1.637，p = 0.024）方面相对于对照组有显著改善。
多维干预计划在预防ICU护士发生WRMDs方面优于常规专科培训。WRMD培训应包括多方面的方法，并更多地关注特定科室的功能。
