Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Life Sci. 2021 Jul 1;276:119373. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119373. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Development of novel technologies provides the best tissue constructs engineering and maximizes their therapeutic effects in regenerative therapy, especially for liver dysfunctions. Among the currently investigated approaches of tissue engineering, scaffold-based and scaffold-free tissues are widely suggested for liver regeneration. Analogs of liver acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) are utilized in native scaffolds to increase the self-repair and healing ability of organs. Native ECM analog could improve liver repairing through providing the supportive framework for cells and signaling molecules, exerting normal biomechanical, biochemical, and physiological signal complexes. Recently, innovative cell sheet technology is introduced as an alternative for conventional tissue engineering with the advantage of fewer scaffold restrictions and cell culture on a Thermo-Responsive Polymer Surface. These sheets release the layered cells through a temperature-controlled procedure without enzymatic digestion, while preserving the cell-ECM contacts and adhesive molecules on cell-cell junctions. In addition, several novelties have been introduced into the cell sheet and decellularization technologies to aid cell growth, instruct differentiation/angiogenesis, and promote cell migration. In this review, recent trends, advancements, and issues linked to translation into clinical practice are dissected and compared regarding the decellularization and cell sheet technologies for liver tissue engineering.
新型技术的发展为组织工程学提供了最佳的组织构建工程，并最大限度地提高了其在再生治疗中的治疗效果，特别是在肝功能障碍方面。在目前正在研究的组织工程方法中，基于支架的和无支架的组织广泛应用于肝再生。肝去细胞细胞外基质（ECM）的类似物被用于天然支架中，以提高器官的自我修复和愈合能力。天然 ECM 类似物可以通过为细胞和信号分子提供支持框架，发挥正常的生物力学、生化和生理信号复合物，来改善肝脏修复。最近，创新的细胞片技术作为传统组织工程的替代方法被引入，其优点是支架限制较少，并且可以在热响应性聚合物表面上进行细胞培养。这些薄片通过温度控制的程序释放分层细胞，而无需酶消化，同时保留细胞-ECM 接触和细胞-细胞连接上的粘着分子。此外，细胞片和去细胞化技术中引入了一些新方法，以帮助细胞生长、指导分化/血管生成，并促进细胞迁移。在这篇综述中，对去细胞化和细胞片技术在肝组织工程中的最新趋势、进展和转化为临床实践的问题进行了剖析和比较。
