Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4GQ, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2021 May 10;376(1824):20200191. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0191. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
The aim of this paper is to develop further the idea that symptoms that emerge in speech and language processing following brain damage can make a contribution to discussions of the early evolution of language. These diverse impairments are called aphasia, and this paper proposes that the recovery of a non-fluent aphasia syndrome following stroke could provide insights into the course of the pre-history of human language evolution. The observable symptoms emerge during recovery, crucially enabled by (dis)inhibition in parallel with a range of impairments in action processing (apraxias), including apraxia of speech. They are underpinned by changes in cortical and subcortical status following brain damage. It is proposed that the observed recovery mimics ontogenic and phylogenic processes in human speech and language. The arguments put forward provide insights tending to support the motor-gestural model of speech and language evolution. This article is part of the theme issue 'Reconstructing prehistoric languages'.
本文旨在进一步探讨这样一种观点，即大脑损伤后在言语和语言处理中出现的症状可以为语言早期进化的讨论做出贡献。这些不同的损伤被称为失语症，本文提出，中风后非流利性失语症综合征的恢复可以为人类语言进化的史前历史进程提供一些见解。在大脑损伤后，通过（去）抑制，同时伴随着一系列动作处理障碍（运动障碍），包括言语运动障碍，这些可观察到的症状在恢复过程中出现。它们由大脑损伤后皮质和皮质下状态的变化支持。据提出，观察到的恢复模仿了人类言语和语言的个体发生和种系发生过程。提出的论点提供了一些见解，倾向于支持言语和语言进化的运动手势模型。本文是主题为“重建史前语言”的一部分。
