“苦中之王”（苦参）的民族植物学、药理学活性和生物利用度研究：综述（2010-2020 年）。
Ethnobotany, Pharmacological Activities and Bioavailability Studies on "King of Bitters" (Kalmegh): A Review (2010-2020).
机构信息
CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jalandhar, 144020, Punjab, India.
Research Scholar at IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala 144601, India.
出版信息
Comb Chem High Throughput Screen. 2022;25(5):788-807. doi: 10.2174/1386207324666210310140611.
BACKGROUND
Andrographis paniculata, commonly known as "Kalmegh", is an annual herbaceous plant from the family Acanthaceae. The whole plant of A. paniculata has been explored for multiple pharmacological activities and is scientifically recognized by in-vivo and in-vitro studies. Various biotechnologically engineered techniques have been explored to enhance the bioavailability of this plant.
OBJECTIVE
In this review, we aim to present comprehensive recent advances in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, specific pharmacology, safety and toxicology, and bioavailability of A. paniculata and its pure compounds. Possible directions for future research are also outlined in brief, which will encourage advance investigations on this plant.
METHODS
Information on the recent updates of the present review is collected from different electronic scientific databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. All the composed information is classified into different sections according to the objective of the paper.
RESULTS
More than a hundred research and review papers have been studied and incorporated in the present manuscript. After a vast literature search on A. paniculata, we present a noteworthy report of various phytoconstituents present in the plant, which are accountable for the potential therapeutic properties of the plant. Forty-five of the studied articles gave general information about the introduction, ethnobotany, and traditional uses of the plant. Twenty-two papers enclosed information about the phytoconstituents present in different parts of A. paniculata and seventy-two papers briefly outlined the pharmacological activities like antioxidant, anti-dengue, anti-ulcerogenic, antifungal, some miscellaneous activities like activity against SARS-CoV-2, antidiarrhoeal. Nineteen studies highlighted the research work conducted by various researchers to increased the bioavailability of A. Paniculata and two studies reported the safety and toxicology of the plant.
CONCLUSION
This review incorporated the scientifically validated research work encompassing the ethnobotanical description of the subjected plant, phytochemical profile, various pharmacological activities, and recent approaches to enhance the bioavailability of active metabolites.
背景
穿心莲，俗称“苦草”，是爵床科一年生草本植物。穿心莲全草已被广泛研究，具有多种药理学活性，并通过体内和体外研究得到科学认可。各种生物技术工程技术已被探索用于提高该植物的生物利用度。
目的
在这篇综述中，我们旨在介绍穿心莲的民族药理学、植物化学、特定药理学、安全性和毒理学以及生物利用度的最新综合进展，以及其纯化合物的研究进展。简要概述了未来研究的可能方向，这将鼓励对该植物进行进一步的研究。
方法
从 Science Direct、PubMed、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 等不同电子科学数据库中收集有关本综述最新进展的信息。根据论文的目的，将所有编写的信息分类为不同的部分。
结果
对 100 多篇研究和综述论文进行了研究，并纳入了本手稿。在对穿心莲进行广泛的文献搜索后，我们提出了一份关于该植物中存在的各种植物化学成分的有价值报告，这些成分是该植物潜在治疗特性的原因。在所研究的 45 篇文章中，有 45 篇文章提供了关于该植物的介绍、民族植物学和传统用途的一般信息。22 篇文章介绍了穿心莲不同部位存在的植物化学成分，72 篇文章简要概述了抗氧化、抗登革热、抗溃疡、抗真菌等药理学活性，以及一些杂项活性，如抗 SARS-CoV-2、抗腹泻。19 项研究强调了不同研究人员为提高穿心莲生物利用度所进行的研究工作，两项研究报告了该植物的安全性和毒理学。
结论
本综述纳入了经过科学验证的研究工作，涵盖了受试植物的民族植物学描述、植物化学特征、各种药理学活性以及提高活性代谢物生物利用度的最新方法。
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