Sanz Ivan, Perez Diana, Rojo Silvia, Domínguez-Gil Marta, Lejarazu Raúl Ortiz de, Eiros José María
Centro Nacional de Gripe de Valladolid, Edifico Rondilla, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
Centro Nacional de Gripe de Valladolid, Edifico Rondilla, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2021 Mar 18. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.12.024.
Coinfections of influenza and other respiratory viruses (ORVs) are frequent in the epidemic season. The aim of this study was to examine the demographic and virological variables associated with coinfections by influenza and ORVs.
We analysed respiratory samples of patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza using molecular diagnostic methods obtained in 8 consecutive influenza seasons (2011-2012 to 2018-2019). We analysed data focusing on different variables: age, sex, type of patient (hospitalized/sentinel) and detected type/subtype of influenza.
Coinfections of influenza and ORVs were detected in 17.8% of influenza-positive samples. The probability of detecting coinfection was significantly higher in young children (0-4 years; OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 2.2-3.4), children (5-14 years; OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.1) and patients infected with the A(H3N2) subtype (OR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.14-1.79). Also, we found a significantly higher frequency of coinfections involving influenza and 2 or more other respiratory viruses in young children (0-4 years; OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.32-0.8), adults (40-64 years; OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9) and women (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.9).
These results show that coinfections of influenza and ORVs are more frequent in young children and children, and in cases involving the A(H3N2) influenza subtype. Our findings can be useful to guide the use of multiplex diagnostic methods in laboratories with limited resources.
在流行季节，流感与其他呼吸道病毒（ORV）的合并感染很常见。本研究的目的是检查与流感和ORV合并感染相关的人口统计学和病毒学变量。
我们使用分子诊断方法分析了连续8个流感季节（2011 - 2012年至2018 - 2019年）获得的实验室确诊流感患者的呼吸道样本。我们分析了关注不同变量的数据：年龄、性别、患者类型（住院/哨点）以及检测到的流感类型/亚型。
在17.8%的流感阳性样本中检测到流感与ORV的合并感染。幼儿（0 - 4岁；比值比：2.7；95%置信区间：2.2 - 3.4）、儿童（5 - 14岁；比值比：1.6；95%置信区间：1.2 - 2.1）以及感染A（H3N2）亚型的患者（比值比：1.4；95%置信区间：1.14 - 1.79）中检测到合并感染的概率显著更高。此外，我们发现幼儿（0 - 4岁；比值比：0.5；95%置信区间：0.32 - 0.8）、成年人（40 - 64岁；比值比：0.5；95%置信区间：0.3 - 0.9）和女性（比值比：0.7；95%置信区间：0.5 - 0.9）中涉及流感和2种或更多其他呼吸道病毒的合并感染频率显著更高。
这些结果表明，流感与ORV的合并感染在幼儿和儿童中以及涉及A（H3N2）流感亚型的病例中更为常见。我们的发现对于指导资源有限的实验室使用多重诊断方法可能有用。
