Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
Alcohol. 2021 Jun;93:57-62. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.11.005. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Ne-Zake is the drinking of alcohol before sleeping for helping to fall asleep and sleep well, and Mukae-Zake is the drinking of alcohol in the morning for "calming down" or "curing hangovers".
We sought to examine the relationship of insomnia with Ne-Zake and Mukae-Zake among healthy middle-aged Japanese farmers.
In a cross-sectional study of 746 participants (mean age, 59.5 years; women, 25.9%), Ne-Zake and Mukae-Zake were defined based on a self-administered questionnaire. Insomnia was defined as the Athens Insomnia Scale Japanese version ≥6 or usage of sleeping pills in the previous year. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) of insomnia related to Ne-Zake and Mukae-Zake adjusting for sex, age, presence of sleep-related disorders, frequency of alcohol consumption, and quantity of alcohol consumed per one occasion.
We observed insomnia, Ne-Zake, and Mukae-Zake in 174 (23.3%), 140 (18.8%), and 37 (5.0%) participants, respectively. After adjustment for demographic and confounding factors, participants with Ne-Zake had a significantly higher prevalence of insomnia (OR 2.00 [95% confidence interval, 1.27-3.16]), compared to those without Ne-Zake. Mukae-Zake was also independently associated with a higher prevalence of insomnia among men (OR 3.26 [1.55-6.87]). Participants with both Ne-Zake and Mukae-Zake had a highly significant association with insomnia (OR 4.77 [2.01-11.3]) than those with neither Ne-Zake nor Mukae-Zake. Additionally, for insomnia, the association of Mukae-Zake was more pronounced than that of Ne-Zake (OR 4.09, 95% CI 1.14-14.7, p = 0.031; and OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.08-3.06, p = 0.026, respectively).
Ne-Zake and Mukae-Zake were associated with insomnia independent of the quantity and frequency of alcohol consumption among Japanese farmers. This finding can be used for stratifying individuals with insomnia not only to improve sleep hygiene but also to prevent alcohol dependence by informing the general population that alcohol has a negative effect on sleep, contrary to popular beliefs.
“寝酒”是指睡前饮酒以帮助入睡和提高睡眠质量，“朝酒”则是指早上饮酒以“镇静”或“缓解宿醉”。
我们旨在研究健康中年日本农民中，失眠与“寝酒”和“朝酒”的关系。
在一项针对 746 名参与者（平均年龄 59.5 岁；女性占 25.9%）的横断面研究中，根据自我报告的问卷，将“寝酒”和“朝酒”定义为。失眠定义为雅典失眠量表日本版≥6 分或过去 1 年使用过安眠药。使用 logistic 回归计算与“寝酒”和“朝酒”相关的失眠的比值比（OR），并调整性别、年龄、睡眠障碍、饮酒频率和每次饮酒量。
我们观察到 174 名（23.3%）、140 名（18.8%）和 37 名（5.0%）参与者存在失眠、“寝酒”和“朝酒”。在调整了人口统计学和混杂因素后，与没有“寝酒”的参与者相比，有“寝酒”的参与者失眠的发生率显著更高（OR 2.00 [95%置信区间，1.27-3.16]）。对于男性，“朝酒”也与失眠的发生率独立相关（OR 3.26 [1.55-6.87]）。同时有“寝酒”和“朝酒”的参与者与既无“寝酒”也无“朝酒”的参与者相比，失眠的发生率显著更高（OR 4.77 [2.01-11.3]）。此外，对于失眠，“朝酒”的相关性强于“寝酒”（OR 4.09，95%CI 1.14-14.7，p=0.031；OR 1.81，95%CI 1.08-3.06，p=0.026）。
“寝酒”和“朝酒”与日本农民的失眠独立相关，与饮酒量和饮酒频率无关。这一发现可用于对失眠患者进行分层，不仅可以改善睡眠卫生，还可以通过告知公众饮酒对睡眠有负面影响，与普遍看法相反，从而预防酒精依赖。
