Zhao Qing-Bo, López-Cortegano Eugenio, Oyelami Favour Oluwapelumi, Zhang Zhe, Ma Pei-Pei, Wang Qi-Shan, Pan Yu-Chun
Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Front Genet. 2021 Mar 3;12:558873. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.558873. eCollection 2021.
Most indigenous pig resources are known to originate from China. Thus, establishing conservation priorities for these local breeds is very essential, especially in the case of limited conservation funds. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed 445 individuals belonging to six indigenous breeds from the Taihu Lake Region, using a total of 131,300 SNPs. In order to determine the long-term guidelines for the management of these breeds, we analyzed the level of diversity in the metapopulation following a partition of diversity within and between breed subpopulations, using both measures of genic and allelic diversity. From the study, we found that the middle Meishan (MMS) pig population contributes the most (22%) to the total gene diversity while the Jiaxing black (JX) pig population contributes the most (27%) to the gene diversity between subpopulations. Most importantly, when we consider one breed is removed from the meta-population, the first two breeds prioritized should be JX pig breed and Fengjing pig breed followed by small Meishan (SMS), Mizhu (MI), and Erhualian (EH) if we pay more attention to the gene diversity between subpopulations. However, if the priority focus is on the total gene diversity, then the first breed to be prioritized would be the Shawutou (SW) pig breed followed by JX, MI, EH, and Fengjing (FJ). Furthermore, we noted that if conservation priority is to be based on the allelic diversity between subpopulations, then the MI breed should be the most prioritized breed followed by SW, Erhuanlian, and MMS. Summarily, our data show that different breeds have different contributions to the gene and allelic diversity within subpopulations as well as between subpopulations. Our study provides a basis for setting conservation priorities for indigenous pig breeds with a focus on different priority criteria.
大多数本土猪种资源已知起源于中国。因此，为这些地方品种确定保护优先级非常重要，尤其是在保护资金有限的情况下。所以，在本研究中，我们分析了来自太湖地区六个本土猪种的445头个体，共使用了131,300个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。为了确定这些猪种的长期管理指南，我们在对品种亚群内部和之间的多样性进行划分后，利用基因多样性和等位基因多样性指标分析了集合种群中的多样性水平。通过研究，我们发现中梅山（MMS）猪种群对总基因多样性的贡献最大（22%），而嘉兴黑（JX）猪种群对亚群间基因多样性的贡献最大（27%）。最重要的是，当我们考虑从集合种群中移除一个品种时，如果更关注亚群间的基因多样性，那么首先应优先考虑的两个品种是JX猪种和枫泾猪种，其次是小梅山（SMS）、米猪（MI）和二花脸（EH）。然而，如果优先关注的是总基因多样性，那么首先应优先考虑的品种是沙乌头（SW）猪种，其次是JX、MI、EH和枫泾（FJ）。此外，我们注意到，如果保护优先级基于亚群间的等位基因多样性，那么MI品种应是最优先考虑的品种，其次是SW、二花脸和MMS。总之，我们的数据表明不同品种对亚群内部以及亚群之间的基因和等位基因多样性有不同贡献。我们的研究为基于不同优先标准为本土猪种设定保护优先级提供了依据。
