Giavina-Bianchi Pedro, Kalil Jorge
Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
World Allergy Organ J. 2021 Apr;14(4):100532. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100532. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Vaccination against coronavirus is essential to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Rare cases of anaphylaxis associated with the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are being described, and the mechanisms involved in these reactions are poorly understood. A potential culprit agent of these vaccine-induced anaphylaxis events is polyethylene glycol, which has been reported as a cause of anaphylaxis. However, a cause-effect association has not been demonstrated, and the cases of anaphylaxis to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines should be further investigated. In this scenario, the recommendations are inaccurate and can lead to misinterpretation. At the moment, a more accurate recommendation would be the contraindication of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in patients with immediate hypersensitivity reaction to polyethylene glycol or polysorbate. Patients with history of anaphylaxis to other or unknown causes should be referred to an allergist-immunologist for further orientation.
接种新冠病毒疫苗对于将COVID-19大流行的影响降至最低至关重要。目前正在描述与mRNA COVID-19疫苗相关的罕见过敏反应病例，而这些反应所涉及的机制尚不清楚。这些疫苗诱导的过敏反应事件的一个潜在致病因素是聚乙二醇，它已被报道为过敏反应的一个原因。然而，因果关系尚未得到证实，对mRNA COVID-19疫苗过敏反应的病例应进一步调查。在这种情况下，相关建议不准确，可能会导致误解。目前，更准确的建议是，对聚乙二醇或聚山梨酯有速发型过敏反应的患者禁忌接种mRNA COVID-19疫苗。有其他或不明原因过敏反应病史的患者应转诊至过敏免疫科医生处进行进一步指导。
