Bills Matthew V, Yoon Jeong-Yeol
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
IEEE Sens Lett. 2020 Jul;4(7). doi: 10.1109/lsens.2020.3001489. Epub 2020 Jun 11.
Tumors differ from normal tissues in several meaningful ways including cellular size, morphology, and protein expression, which will accordingly change the refractive index and the size/morphology of cells. There are also important differences in tissue organization and unique tissue specific cell densities. Instead of time-consuming and labor-intensive histology involving the use of a benchtop microscope, a plot of Mie scattering intensities at fixed wavelength against scattering angle, which we referred to as "Mie spectrum," is suggested as an alternative to identify tumor from normal tissues. An angular photodiode array is developed to measure this Mie spectrum with three different light emitting diodes (blue, green and red) as light sources. The resulting Mie spectra show characteristic peaks for rat colonic tissues, and substantial differences can be found between tumor vs. normal tissues. Two peaks were identified at 120° and 150° scattering angles, potentially representing capillaries and colon cells, respectively. Contributions from crypts and goblet cells, represented by the scattering at 140°, were minimal. Substantial differences between tumor and normal tissues were found with 45°-70° light irradiation angles.
肿瘤在几个重要方面与正常组织不同，包括细胞大小、形态和蛋白质表达，这些都会相应地改变细胞的折射率以及大小/形态。在组织结构和独特的组织特异性细胞密度方面也存在重要差异。我们建议用固定波长下米氏散射强度相对于散射角的曲线图（我们称之为“米氏光谱”）来替代耗时且费力的使用台式显微镜的组织学方法，以从正常组织中识别肿瘤。开发了一种角向光电二极管阵列，以三种不同的发光二极管（蓝色、绿色和红色）作为光源来测量这种米氏光谱。所得的米氏光谱显示了大鼠结肠组织的特征峰，并且在肿瘤组织与正常组织之间可以发现显著差异。在120°和150°散射角处识别出两个峰，可能分别代表毛细血管和结肠细胞。由140°处的散射所代表的隐窝和杯状细胞的贡献最小。在45° - 70°光照射角度下，发现肿瘤组织与正常组织之间存在显著差异。
