College of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, P. R. China.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Aug;203(6):2875-2885. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02277-8. Epub 2021 Mar 22.
Using 16S rRNA gene analysis and high-throughput, the diversity and community structure of actinobacteria in the sediments of Qaidam Lake and Qinghai Lake with different salinity and alkalinity in Qinghai-Xizang Plateau were studied, and the differences of actinobacteria community structure and their relationship with environmental factors were discussed. A total of 77 genera belonging to actinobacteria were found in the samples, of which 31 genera were found in the sediment samples of Qaidam Lake with 19 genera being dominant genera, such as Actinomycetes, Corynebacterium, Morella, Bifidobacterium, and 69 genera were found in the sediment samples of Qinghai Lake with 17 genera becoming dominant, such as Ilumattalaer, Actinotalea, Aquihaans and so on. The correlation analysis of environmental factors and community showed that the community structure of the two salt lakes was mainly affected by total salinity, total organic carbon) (TOC) and CO, among which TOC was the most influential factor. The functional differences of metabolic pathway enrichment analysis (KEGG) showed that there was a high abundance of metabolic-related functions in the two salt lakes. There were significant differences in the biosynthesis of energy metabolism and other secondary metabolites between the two salt lakes, which may be the main reason for the difference of actinomycete community. The results show that the actinobacteria diversity was rich in the plateau salt lakes, and affected by a variety of physicochemical factors. In addition, there were a large number of unculturable actinobacteria in the sediment, which provides a theoretical basis for the excavation and utilization of actinobacteria resources in salt lakes.
利用 16S rRNA 基因分析和高通量测序技术，研究了青藏高原不同盐度和碱度的柴达木湖和青海湖沉积物中放线菌的多样性和群落结构，并探讨了放线菌群落结构的差异及其与环境因子的关系。在样品中发现了属于放线菌的 77 个属，其中 31 个属存在于柴达木湖沉积物中，19 个属为优势属，如放线菌属、棒杆菌属、莫雷拉属、双歧杆菌属等；在青海湖沉积物中发现了 69 个属，其中 17 个属为优势属，如 Ilumattalaer 属、Actinotalea 属、Aquihaans 属等。环境因子与群落的相关性分析表明，两个盐湖的群落结构主要受总盐度、总有机碳（TOC）和 CO 的影响，其中 TOC 是最具影响力的因素。代谢途径富集分析（KEGG）的功能差异表明，两个盐湖中存在大量与代谢相关的功能。两个盐湖在能量代谢和其他次生代谢物的生物合成方面存在显著差异，这可能是放线菌群落差异的主要原因。结果表明，高原盐湖中放线菌多样性丰富，受多种理化因素影响。此外，沉积物中存在大量不可培养的放线菌，为盐湖放线菌资源的挖掘和利用提供了理论依据。
