Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland.
Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Addict Behav. 2021 Jul;118:106910. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106910. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Early onset of alcohol use is associated with an increased risk of substance use disorders (SUD), but few studies have examined associations with other psychiatric disorders. Our aim was to study the association between the age of first alcohol intoxication (AFI) and the risk of psychiatric disorders in a Finnish general population sample.
We utilized a prospective, general population-based study, the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986. In all, 6,290 15-16-year old adolescents answered questions on AFI and were followed up until the age of 33 years for psychiatric disorders (any psychiatric disorder, psychosis, SUD, mood disorders and anxiety disorders) by using nationwide register linkage data. Cox-regression analysis with Hazard Ratios (HR, with 95% confidence intervals (CI)) was used to assess the risk of psychiatric disorders associated with AFI.
Statistically significant associations were observed between AFI and any psychiatric disorder, psychosis, SUDs, and mood disorders. After adjustments for other substance use, family structure, sex and parental psychiatric disorders, AFIs of 13-14 years and ≤12 years were associated with SUD (HR = 5.30; 95%CI 2.38-11.82 and HR = 6.49; 95%CI 2.51-16.80, respectively), while AFI ≤ 12 years was associated with any psychiatric disorder (HR = 1.59; 95%CI 1.26-2.02) and mood disorders (HR = 1.81; 95%CI 1.22-2.68). After further adjustments for Youth Self Report total scores, AFI ≤ 14 was associated with an increased risk of SUD and AFI ≤ 12 with an increased risk of any psychiatric disorder.
We found significant associations between the early age of first alcohol intoxication, later SUD and any psychiatric disorder in a general population sample. This further supports the need for preventive efforts to postpone the first instances of adolescent alcohol intoxication.
酒精使用的早期发作与物质使用障碍（SUD）的风险增加有关，但很少有研究探讨其与其他精神疾病的关联。我们的目的是在芬兰一般人群样本中研究首次酒精中毒年龄（AFI）与精神疾病风险之间的关系。
我们利用了一项前瞻性的、基于一般人群的研究——1986 年芬兰北部出生队列研究。共有 6290 名 15-16 岁的青少年回答了关于 AFI 的问题，并通过全国性的登记数据，随访至 33 岁，以确定任何精神疾病、精神病、SUD、心境障碍和焦虑障碍等精神疾病的发生情况。使用 Cox 回归分析（风险比[HR]，95%置信区间[CI]）评估与 AFI 相关的精神疾病风险。
AFI 与任何精神疾病、精神病、SUD 和心境障碍之间存在显著关联。在调整了其他物质使用、家庭结构、性别和父母精神疾病等因素后，13-14 岁和≤12 岁的 AFI 与 SUD 相关（HR=5.30；95%CI 2.38-11.82 和 HR=6.49；95%CI 2.51-16.80），而≤12 岁的 AFI 与任何精神疾病（HR=1.59；95%CI 1.26-2.02）和心境障碍（HR=1.81；95%CI 1.22-2.68）相关。在进一步调整了青少年自我报告总分后，AFI≤14 与 SUD 风险增加相关，AFI≤12 与任何精神疾病的风险增加相关。
在一般人群样本中，我们发现首次酒精中毒年龄早与后来的 SUD 和任何精神疾病之间存在显著关联。这进一步支持了需要采取预防措施来推迟青少年首次饮酒的时间。
