Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.
Department of Environmental Science, University of Latvia, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia.
Food Chem. 2021 Aug 30;354:129517. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129517. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
In this study, cuticular wax load, its chemical composition, and biosynthesis, was studied during development of wild type (WT) bilberry fruit and its natural glossy type (GT) mutant. GT fruit cuticular wax load was comparable with WT fruits. In both, the proportion of triterpenoids decreased during fruit development concomitant with increasing proportions of total aliphatic compounds. In GT fruit, a higher proportion of triterpenoids in cuticular wax was accompanied by a lower proportion of fatty acids and ketones compared to WT fruit as well as lower density of crystalloid structures on berry surfaces. Our results suggest that the glossy phenotype could be caused by the absence of rod-like structures in GT fruit associated with reduction in proportions of ketones and fatty acids in the cuticular wax. Especially CER26-like, FAR2, CER3-like, LTP, MIXTA, and BAS genes showed fruit skin preferential expression patterns indicating their role in cuticular wax biosynthesis and secretion.
在这项研究中，研究了野生型（WT）越桔果实及其天然光亮型（GT）突变体发育过程中的角质层蜡负荷、其化学组成和生物合成。GT 果实的角质层蜡负荷与 WT 果实相当。在这两种果实中，三萜类化合物的比例在果实发育过程中逐渐减少，同时总脂类化合物的比例逐渐增加。与 WT 果实相比，GT 果实中的角质层蜡中三萜类化合物的比例较高，而脂肪酸和酮的比例较低，并且浆果表面的晶状结构密度也较低。我们的结果表明，光亮表型可能是由于 GT 果实中缺乏棒状结构，导致角质层蜡中的酮和脂肪酸比例降低所致。特别是 CER26 样、FAR2、CER3 样、LTP、MIXTA 和 BAS 基因表现出果实表皮偏好表达模式，表明它们在角质层蜡生物合成和分泌中的作用。
