Kasparek Steven W, Jenness Jessica L, McLaughlin Katie A
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Clin Psychol Sci. 2020 Nov 1;8(6):989-1006. doi: 10.1177/2167702620933570. Epub 2020 Aug 7.
Childhood adversity is common and strongly associated with risk for psychopathology. Identifying factors that buffer children from experiencing psychopathology following adversity is critical for developing more effective intervention approaches. The present study examined several behavioral metrics of reward processing reflecting global approach motivation for reward and the degree to which reward responses scaled with reward value (i.e., behavioral sensitivity to reward value) as potential moderators of the association of multiple dimensions of adversity-including trauma, caregiver neglect, and food insecurity-with depression and externalizing psychopathology in a sample of youth aged 8-16 years (n = 132). Trauma exposure and externalizing problems were positively associated at low and moderate levels of reward reactivity, but this association became non-significant at high levels of reward reactivity. Our findings extend prior work, suggesting that high behavioral sensitivity to reward value may buffer against externalizing problems following exposure to trauma.
童年逆境很常见，且与精神病理学风险密切相关。确定能保护儿童在经历逆境后不出现精神病理学问题的因素，对于开发更有效的干预方法至关重要。本研究考察了奖励加工的几个行为指标，这些指标反映了对奖励的整体趋近动机，以及奖励反应随奖励价值变化的程度（即对奖励价值的行为敏感性），以此作为逆境多维度（包括创伤、照料者忽视和粮食不安全）与8至16岁青少年样本（n = 132）的抑郁及外化性精神病理学之间关联的潜在调节因素。在奖励反应性处于低和中等水平时，创伤暴露与外化问题呈正相关，但在奖励反应性高时，这种关联变得不显著。我们的研究结果扩展了先前的工作，表明对奖励价值的高行为敏感性可能缓冲创伤暴露后的外化问题。
