醋酸钠、丙酸钠和丁酸钠通过调节食欲及相关基因来减少小鼠体内的脂肪堆积。
Sodium acetate, propionate, and butyrate reduce fat accumulation in mice via modulating appetite and relevant genes.
作者信息
Jiao Anran, Yu Bing, He Jun, Yu Jie, Zheng Ping, Luo Yuheng, Luo Junqiu, Yan Hui, Wang Quyuan, Wang Huifen, Mao Xiangbing, Chen Daiwen
机构信息
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China.
Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key laboratory of Animal Disease-resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Ya'an, Sichuan Province, China.
出版信息
Nutrition. 2021 Jul-Aug;87-88:111198. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111198. Epub 2021 Feb 12.
OBJECTIVES
Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, three of the most common short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), can be produced when some non-digestible carbohydrates enter the large intestine and undergo bacterial fermentation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these three SCFAs on appetite regulation and lipid metabolism and to determine the extent that appetite contributes to the beneficial influences of SCFAs.
METHODS
In a 35-d study, 48 C57BL/6J male mice were randomly allocated to six groups: control; 5% sodium acetate; 5% sodium propionate; 5% sodium butyrate; pair fed 1; and pair fed 2.
RESULTS
The study showed that dietary supplementation of sodium acetate reduced serum triacylglycerol, free fatty acids, glucose, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels (P < 0.05), increased serum glucagon-like peptide 1, and leptin levels (P < 0.05), downregulated the mRNA expressions of fatty acid synthase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, and lipoprotein lipase (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of fasting-induced adipose factor, nuclear respiratory factor 1, mitochondrial transcription factor A, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9, cytochrome-C oxidase IV and free fatty acid receptor 2 (P < 0.05). Sodium propionate also reduced serum IL-1β level (P < 0.05), increased serum peptide YY level (P < 0.05), downregulated the mRNA expressions of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expression of transmembrane protein 26 (P < 0.05). Additionally, sodium butyrate decreased average daily feed intake (P < 0.05) downregulated the mRNA expression of myosin heavy-chain (MyHc) Ⅱb (P < 0.05), and upregulated the mRNA expressions of lipase hormone-sensitive, MyHC Ⅱa and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1α (P < 0.05). Moreover, the metabolic benefits of SCFAs were partly attributed to the reduction of feed intake.
CONCLUSION
Taken together, SCFAs could reduce appetite and fat accumulation via modulating relevant genes and hormones, which might further illustrate the potential mechanisms that underlay the effects of SCFAs on lipid homeostasis and control of body weight.
目的
当一些不可消化的碳水化合物进入大肠并进行细菌发酵时，可产生三种最常见的短链脂肪酸（SCFAs），即乙酸盐、丙酸盐和丁酸盐。本研究旨在探讨这三种SCFAs对食欲调节和脂质代谢的影响，并确定食欲在多大程度上促成了SCFAs的有益影响。
方法
在一项为期35天的研究中，将48只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为六组：对照组；5%乙酸钠组；5%丙酸钠组；5%丁酸钠组；配对喂养1组；配对喂养2组。
结果
研究表明，膳食补充乙酸钠可降低血清甘油三酯、游离脂肪酸、葡萄糖和白细胞介素（IL）-6水平（P<0.05），增加血清胰高血糖素样肽1和瘦素水平（P<0.05），下调脂肪酸合酶、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体和脂蛋白脂肪酶的mRNA表达（P<0.05），并上调禁食诱导脂肪因子、核呼吸因子1、线粒体转录因子A、肿瘤坏死因子受体超家族成员9、细胞色素C氧化酶IV和游离脂肪酸受体2的mRNA表达（P<0.05）。丙酸钠还降低了血清IL-1β水平（P<0.05），增加了血清肽YY水平（P<0.05），下调了乙酰辅酶A羧化酶和固醇调节元件结合蛋白1c的mRNA表达（P<0.05），并上调了跨膜蛋白26的mRNA表达（P<0.05）。此外，丁酸钠降低了平均每日采食量（P<0.05），下调了肌球蛋白重链（MyHc）Ⅱb的mRNA表达（P<0.05），并上调了激素敏感性脂肪酶、MyHCⅡa和肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-1α的mRNA表达（P<0.05）。此外，SCFAs的代谢益处部分归因于采食量的减少。
结论
综上所述，SCFAs可通过调节相关基因和激素来降低食欲和脂肪堆积，这可能进一步阐明了SCFAs对脂质稳态和体重控制影响的潜在机制。
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