通过形态测量学洞察鼓膜穿孔压力：一项尸体研究。
An insight to tympanic membrane perforation pressure through morphometry: A cadaver study.
机构信息
Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mersin, Turkey.
Corresponding author: Orhan Beger, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Ciftlikkoy Campus, 33343, Mersin, Turkey,
出版信息
Diving Hyperb Med. 2021 Mar 31;51(1):10-17. doi: 10.28920/dhm51.1.10-17.
INTRODUCTION
A cadaveric experimental investigation aimed to show the rupture pressure of the tympanic membrane (TM) for otologists to evaluate its tensile strength.
METHODS
Twenty adult ears in 10 fresh frozen whole cadaveric heads (four males, six females) mean age 72.8 (SD 13.8) years (range 40-86) were studied. The tensile strength of the TM was evaluated with bursting pressure of the membrane. The dimensions of the membranes and perforations were measured with digital imaging software.
RESULTS
The mean bursting pressure of the TM was 97.71 (SD 36.20) kPa. The mean area, vertical and horizontal diameters of the TM were 57.46 (16.23) mm, 9.54 (1.27) mm, 7.99 (1.08) mm respectively. The mean area, length and width of the perforations were 0.55 (0.25) mm, 1.37 (0.50) mm, and 0.52 (0.22) mm, respectively. Comparisons of TM dimension, bursting pressure, and perforation size by laterality and gender showed no significant differences. The bursting pressure did not correlate (positively or negatively) with the TM or perforation sizes.
CONCLUSIONS
The TM can rupture during activities such as freediving or scuba diving, potentially leading to serious problems including brain injuries. Studying such events via cadaveric studies and data from case studies is of fundamental importance. The minimum experimental bursting pressures might better be taken into consideration rather than average values as the danger threshold for prevention of TM damage (and complications thereof) by barotrauma.
简介
本尸体实验旨在为耳鼻喉科医生评估鼓膜（TM）的拉伸强度而展示其破裂压力。
方法
研究了 10 个新鲜冷冻全尸头中的 20 个成人耳朵（4 名男性，6 名女性），平均年龄为 72.8（SD 13.8）岁（范围 40-86 岁）。通过膜爆破压力评估 TM 的拉伸强度。使用数字成像软件测量膜和穿孔的尺寸。
结果
TM 的平均爆破压力为 97.71（SD 36.20）kPa。TM 的平均面积、垂直和水平直径分别为 57.46（16.23）mm、9.54（1.27）mm 和 7.99（1.08）mm。穿孔的平均面积、长度和宽度分别为 0.55（0.25）mm、1.37（0.50）mm 和 0.52（0.22）mm。TM 尺寸、爆破压力和穿孔大小的左右侧和性别比较均无显著差异。爆破压力与 TM 或穿孔尺寸均无相关性（正相关或负相关）。
结论
TM 在自由潜水或水肺潜水等活动中可能会破裂，导致包括脑损伤在内的严重问题。通过尸体研究和案例研究数据研究此类事件至关重要。最小实验爆破压力可能比平均值更能更好地被考虑，因为它是防止 TM 损伤（和由此产生的并发症）的气压伤危险阈值。
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