School of Nursing, University of Ottawa Faculty of Health Sciences, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
BMJ Open. 2021 Mar 24;11(3):e042466. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042466.
Residents in long-term care exhibit diminishing senses (hearing, sight, taste, smell or touch). The purpose of this study was to examine the available literature on the impact of sensory interventions on the quality of life of residents living in long-term care settings.
We conducted a mixed-methods scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's framework. Seven databases (Medline (Ovid), PubMed (non-Medline-Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Embase (Ovid), Ageline, PsycINFO (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until 1 December 2020) were searched. Two reviewers independently screened the studies for sensory interventions using a two-step process. Eligible studies underwent data extraction and results were synthesised descriptively.
We screened 5551 titles and abstracts. A total of 52 articles met our inclusion criteria. Some interventions involved only one sense: hearing (n=3), sight (n=12), smell (n=4) and touch (n=15). Other interventions involved multiple senses (n=18). We grouped the interventions into 16 categories (music programmes, environmental white noise, bright light interventions, visual stimulations, olfactory stimulations, massages, therapeutic touch, tactile stimulations, physical activity plus night-time programmes, pet therapies, various stimuli interventions, Snoezelen rooms, motor and multisensory based strategies, Namaste care, environmental modifications and expressive touch activities).
This preliminary review summarised some of the available sensory interventions that will help inform a series of future systematic reviews on each of the specific interventions. The evidence-based knowledge for sensory interventions will also inform a future audit programme for assessing the presence of sensory interventions in long-term care.
长期护理中的居民会出现感觉（听觉、视觉、味觉、嗅觉或触觉）减退的情况。本研究的目的是检查关于感官干预对长期护理环境中居民生活质量影响的现有文献。
我们使用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的框架进行了混合方法范围综述。我们在 7 个数据库（Medline（Ovid）、PubMed（非 Medline-Ovid）、CINAHL（EBSCO）、Embase（Ovid）、Ageline、PsycINFO（Ovid）、Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库，截至 2020 年 12 月 1 日）中搜索了感官干预措施的相关文献。两名评审员使用两步法独立筛选研究中的感官干预措施。符合条件的研究进行了数据提取，并进行了描述性综合。
我们筛选了 5551 篇标题和摘要。共有 52 篇文章符合我们的纳入标准。一些干预措施仅涉及一种感觉：听觉（n=3）、视觉（n=12）、嗅觉（n=4）和触觉（n=15）。其他干预措施涉及多种感觉（n=18）。我们将干预措施分为 16 类（音乐方案、环境白噪声、强光干预、视觉刺激、嗅觉刺激、按摩、治疗触摸、触觉刺激、体育活动加夜间方案、宠物疗法、各种刺激干预、Snoezelen 室、运动和多感官策略、Namaste 护理、环境修改和表达性触摸活动）。
本初步综述总结了一些现有的感官干预措施，这将有助于为未来对每种特定干预措施的一系列系统综述提供信息。感官干预措施的循证知识也将为未来评估长期护理中感官干预措施的存在情况的审计计划提供信息。
