Morrison Shawnda A, Sember Vedrana, Leskošek Bojan, Kovač Marjeta, Jurak Gregor, Starc Gregor
Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Front Physiol. 2021 Mar 8;12:644781. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.644781. eCollection 2021.
Determine the temporal trends in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health risk of Slovenian schoolchildren across a 20-year span, assessed via 20-m shuttle run (20mSRT), including defining centile ranges and possible health risk(s) for each generation.
Nationally representative data from 9,426 healthy schoolchildren (6-14 years old) were used to determine changes in CRF across three generations, in 1993 ( = 3,174), 2003 ( = 3,457) and 2013 ( = 2,795) from a multistage, stratified, decennial study.
20mSRT performance declined ∼2.8% from 1993 to 2003, independent of age or sex of the child. This trend was reversed in 2013, increasing by ∼8.2% across all age groups, for both girls and boys, for a net increase of 5.4%. The magnitude of improvement was similar for both sexes. Moreover, girls in the 2013 generation (for ages 10-13 year) completed more stages than their 2003 male counterparts. Across all generations, children achieved CRF values corresponding to low cardiovascular risk for future health outcomes. Centile values ranged from "low" to "very high" depending on age, sex, and generation of the sample.
Negative trends in CRF from Slovenian schoolchildren were reversed by 2013, indicating that Slovenia should continue implementing progressive national physical fitness strategies introduced between sampling periods (i.e., 2003-2013). Additionally, due to the universal nature of Slovenian schoolchildren achieving "healthy cut-off values" for 20mSRT (generation-inclusive), it is suggested that more specific cut-off criteria are developed, especially for younger children, and girls, so that future CRF results can be more accurately applied for both clinical and pedagogical users.
通过20米往返跑（20mSRT）评估斯洛文尼亚学童在20年期间心肺适能（CRF）的时间趋势和健康风险，包括确定各代人的百分位数范围和可能的健康风险。
采用来自9426名健康学童（6 - 14岁）的全国代表性数据，这些数据来自一项多阶段、分层、十年期研究，涉及1993年（n = 3174）、2003年（n = 3457）和2013年（n = 2795）的三代学童，以确定CRF的变化。
从1993年到2003年，20mSRT成绩下降了约2.8%，与儿童的年龄或性别无关。这一趋势在2013年逆转，所有年龄组的成绩都提高了约8.2%，男女皆是，净增幅为5.4%。两性的改善幅度相似。此外，2013年这一代的女孩（10 - 13岁）比2003年的男孩完成的阶段更多。在所有代人中，儿童达到的CRF值对应着未来健康结果的低心血管风险。百分位数的值根据样本的年龄、性别和代际从“低”到“非常高”不等。
到2013年，斯洛文尼亚学童CRF的负面趋势得到了逆转，这表明斯洛文尼亚应继续实施抽样期间（即2003 - 2013年）引入的渐进式国家体能战略。此外，由于斯洛文尼亚学童（涵盖各代）在20mSRT中普遍达到“健康临界值”，建议制定更具体的临界标准，特别是针对年幼儿童和女孩，以便未来的CRF结果能更准确地应用于临床和教育领域的使用者。
