Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
Statewide Mental Health Program, California Correctional Health Care Services.
Psychol Serv. 2022 Aug;19(3):407-412. doi: 10.1037/ser0000516. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Suicide is the leading cause of death among jail detainees and the third leading cause of death among state prison inmates. These populations have been recognized as a high-risk group deserving special clinical attention. The literature on deaths by suicide in correctional settings has identified numerous risk factors for eventual death, but few of these risk factors are specific to the last days of life to aid clinicians in estimating near-term risk of serious self-injury or death. The poor understanding of near-term risk is particularly important in jail settings where many suicide deaths occur within 24 hr of entry. Although screening instruments for suicide risk factors are commonly used with jail/prison populations, few have been validated in those settings and all have poor positive predictive value. We call for a focused research effort to improve the identification of those at risk of near-term suicide and to produce tools for clinicians that will reduce the burden of suicide among jail and prison inmates. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
自杀是看守所被拘留者的首要死因，也是州立监狱囚犯的第三大死因。这些人群已被视为高危群体，值得给予特别的临床关注。关于惩教机构中自杀死亡的文献确定了许多最终导致死亡的风险因素，但这些风险因素中很少有针对生命最后几天的，以帮助临床医生评估近期严重自残或死亡的风险。由于对近期风险的理解不足，在许多自杀死亡发生在进入监狱后 24 小时内的监狱环境中尤为重要。尽管自杀风险因素的筛查工具通常用于监狱/囚犯人群，但在这些环境中验证的工具很少，而且所有工具的阳性预测值都很差。我们呼吁集中精力进行研究，以提高对近期自杀风险人群的识别，并为临床医生提供工具，以减少监狱囚犯的自杀负担。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
