Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
AIDS Care. 2021 Jul;33(7):833-857. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1873232. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
This review aimed to determine: whether EF is affected in children and adolescents (2-24-years-old) with perinatal HIV infection, perinatal HIV exposure without infection, and behaviourally acquired HIV. A systematic review (PROSPERO number: CRD42017067813) was conducted using 11 electronic databases (01.01.1981-09.07.2019) and 8 conference websites. Primary quantitative studies with EF scores on cognitive tasks and/or behavioural report measures were included. Meta-analyses were performed by EF subtype and subpopulations compared. 1789 records were found. Sixty-one studies were included in the narrative synthesis; 32 ( = 7884 participants) were included in meta-analyses. There was a distinct pattern of reduced EF in those with perinatal HIV infection on antiretroviral therapy compared to controls: pooled effect sizes were largest for verbal and visuospatial working memory, with smaller effects on planning, inhibitory control and set-shifting. Data were limited for other HIV-affected subpopulations. Perinatal HIV infection is associated with reduced EF with varying effect sizes for the different EF subtypes.
围产期 HIV 感染、围产期 HIV 暴露但未感染以及行为获得性 HIV 的儿童和青少年（2-24 岁）的 EF 是否受到影响。使用 11 个电子数据库（1981 年 1 月 1 日至 2019 年 7 月 9 日）和 8 个会议网站进行了系统评价（PROSPERO 编号：CRD42017067813）。纳入了 EF 评分在认知任务和/或行为报告测量上的主要定量研究。按 EF 亚型和亚人群进行了荟萃分析。共发现 1789 条记录。61 项研究进行了叙述性综合；32 项（=7884 名参与者）纳入荟萃分析。与对照组相比，接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的围产期 HIV 感染者的 EF 明显降低：语言和视空间工作记忆的综合效应最大，而在计划、抑制控制和定势转移方面的影响较小。针对其他受 HIV 影响的亚人群的数据有限。围产期 HIV 感染与 EF 降低有关，不同 EF 亚型的效应大小不同。
