Gao Bei, Wang Lirong, Santella Anthony J, Zhuang Guihua, Huang Ruizhe, Xu Boya, Liu Yujiao, Xiao Shuya, Wang Shifan
Department of Orthodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 25;16(3):e0248585. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248585. eCollection 2021.
HIV testing is an important strategy for controlling and ultimately ending the global pandemic. Oral rapid HIV testing (ORHT) is an evidence-based strategy and the evidence-based shows is favored over traditional blood tests in many key populations. The dental setting has been found to be a trusted, convenient, and yet untapped venue to conduct ORHT. This study assessed the HIV testing behaviors and willingness to receive ORHT among dental patients in Xi'an, China.
A cross-sectional survey of dental patients from Xi'an was conducted from August to September 2017. Dental patients were recruited using a stratified cluster sampling. A 44-item survey was used to measure HIV/AIDS knowledge, HIV testing behaviors, and willingness to receive ORHT.
Nine hundred and nine dental patients completed the survey with a mean HIV/AIDS knowledge score of 10.7/15 (SD 2.8). Eighty-four participants (9.2%) had previously received an HIV test. Participants would have a high rate of HIV testing if they had higher monthly income (OR = 1.982, 95% CI: 1.251-3.140) and a higher HIV/AIDS knowledge score (OR = 1.137, 95% CI: 1.032-1.252). Five hundred and eighty-two participants (64.0%) were willing to receive ORHT before a dental treatment, 198 (21.8%) were not sure, and 129 (14.2%) were unwilling. Logistic regression showed that age (OR = 0.970, 95% CI: 0.959-0.982), HIV/AIDS knowledge score (OR = 1.087, 95% CI: 1.031-1.145), previous HIV test (OR = 2.057, 95% CI: 1.136-3.723), having advanced HIV testing knowledge (OR = 1.570, 95% CI: 1.158-2.128), and having advanced ORHT knowledge (OR = 2.074, 95%: CI 1.469-2.928) were the factors affecting the willingness to receive ORHT.
The majority of dental patients had not previously received an HIV test, although many were receptive to being tested in the dental setting. The dental setting as a venue to screen people for HIV needs further exploration, particularly because many people do not associate dentistry with chairside screenings. Increasing awareness of ORHT and reducing testing price can further improve the patient's willingness to receive ORHT.
艾滋病毒检测是控制并最终终结全球疫情的一项重要策略。口腔快速艾滋病毒检测（ORHT）是一项基于证据的策略，且证据表明，在许多关键人群中，它比传统血液检测更受青睐。人们发现，牙科场所是进行口腔快速艾滋病毒检测的一个值得信赖、便捷且尚未开发利用的场所。本研究评估了中国西安牙科患者的艾滋病毒检测行为以及接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测的意愿。
2017年8月至9月对西安的牙科患者开展了一项横断面调查。采用分层整群抽样法招募牙科患者。使用一份包含44个条目的调查问卷来衡量艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识、艾滋病毒检测行为以及接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测的意愿。
909名牙科患者完成了调查，艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识平均得分是10.7/15（标准差2.8）。84名参与者（9.2%）之前接受过艾滋病毒检测。月收入较高（比值比=1.982，95%置信区间：1.251 - 3.140）以及艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识得分较高（比值比=1.137，95%置信区间：1.032 - 1.252）的参与者进行艾滋病毒检测的比例会更高。582名参与者（64.0%）愿意在牙科治疗前接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测，198名（21.8%）不确定，129名（14.2%）不愿意。逻辑回归分析显示，年龄（比值比=0.970，95%置信区间：0.959 - 0.982）、艾滋病毒/艾滋病知识得分（比值比=1.087，95%置信区间：1.031 - 1.145）、之前的艾滋病毒检测情况（比值比=2.057，95%置信区间：1.136 - 3.723）、具备先进的艾滋病毒检测知识（比值比=1.570，95%置信区间：1.158 - 2.128）以及具备先进的口腔快速艾滋病毒检测知识（比值比=2.074，95%置信区间：1.469 - 2.928）是影响接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测意愿的因素。
大多数牙科患者之前未接受过艾滋病毒检测，尽管许多人愿意在牙科场所接受检测。牙科场所作为筛查艾滋病毒的场所需要进一步探索，特别是因为许多人并不将牙科与椅旁筛查联系起来。提高对口腔快速艾滋病毒检测的认识并降低检测价格可以进一步提高患者接受口腔快速艾滋病毒检测的意愿。
