University of British Columbia and Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Department of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Am J Med Genet A. 2021 Jun;185(6):1822-1835. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62177. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Monozygotic (MZ) twins ("identical twins") are essentially unique to human beings. Why and how they arise is not known. This article reviews the possible different types of MZ twinning recognized in the previous article on twins and arthrogryposis. There appear to be at least three subgroups of MZ twinning: spontaneous, familial, and those related to artificial reproductive technologies. Each is likely to have different etiologies and different secondary findings. Spontaneous MZ twinning may relate to "overripe ova." Amyoplasia, a specific nongenetic form of arthrogryposis, appears to occur in spontaneous MZ twinning and may be related to twin-twin transfusion.
同卵（MZ）双胞胎（“同卵双胞胎”）在人类中是独一无二的。它们是如何以及为什么出现的还不得而知。本文回顾了之前关于双胞胎和关节挛缩症的文章中所识别的可能不同类型的 MZ 孪生。似乎至少有三组 MZ 孪生：自发性、家族性和与人工生殖技术相关的。每一组都可能有不同的病因和不同的次要发现。自发性 MZ 孪生可能与“过熟卵子”有关。无形成纤维细胞病，一种特定的非遗传性关节挛缩症，似乎发生在自发性 MZ 孪生中，可能与双胎输血有关。
