Department of Anthropology Case Western Reserve University, Mather Memorial 238 11220 Bellflower Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, United States.
Soc Sci Med. 2021 May;276:113847. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113847. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Uganda has made progress in controlling the HIV epidemic since it first emerged in the 1980s. While new infections in the country are higher among women, men in urban areas face a higher risk of AIDS-related mortality due to starting treatment later and taking medication inconsistently. While gender analyses have been used to describe women's HIV vulnerability, less is known about how masculinity, and especially different forms of masculinity, affect men's vulnerability. This study reports on data from an ethnography (2016-2019) with low-income men in urban Uganda. This study uses gender and power theory to describe how men's relationships with female sex workers in an informal settlement in urban Kampala, Uganda are characterized by female providers ("provider love") and male dependents. Young men in this sample, largely jobless, rely on their relationships for daily survival. As gender roles reverse, young men find themselves unable to attain masculine ideals as expected of Baganda men. Instead, men in this sample face less power in their relationships, a loss of masculine respectability, and diminished reputations in the community. These intersections of gender, economic struggle, power, and intimacy reconfigure men's HIV vulnerability in this setting. Public health programming on HIV/AIDS for men should consider different patterns of masculinity, power, and economic struggle and how they impact HIV outcomes.
自 20 世纪 80 年代首次出现以来，乌干达在控制艾滋病毒疫情方面取得了进展。虽然该国新的感染病例在女性中较高，但由于开始治疗较晚和用药不规律，城市地区的男性面临更高的艾滋病相关死亡率。虽然性别分析已被用于描述女性的艾滋病毒易感性，但对于男性的脆弱性如何受到男性气质的影响，尤其是不同形式的男性气质的影响，知之甚少。本研究报告了 2016 年至 2019 年在乌干达城市地区对低收入男性进行的民族志研究的数据。本研究使用性别和权力理论来描述乌干达坎帕拉市一个非正规住区的男性与性工作者之间的关系特征，这些特征表现为女性提供者（“提供者之爱”）和男性受助者。该样本中的年轻男性大多没有工作，依赖他们的关系来维持日常生活。随着性别角色的转变，年轻男性发现自己无法达到巴干达男性所期望的男性理想。相反，该样本中的男性在他们的关系中权力较小，失去了男性的体面，在社区中的声誉也下降了。这些性别、经济斗争、权力和亲密关系的交叉重新构建了男性在这种环境下的艾滋病毒易感性。艾滋病毒/艾滋病的男性公共卫生规划应考虑不同的男性气质、权力和经济斗争模式，以及它们如何影响艾滋病毒的结果。
