Formerly Bavarian Environment Agency, priv. Am Stadtpark 43, D-81243 München, Germany.
Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Phys Med. 2021 Feb;82:343-350. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2021.01.081. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Certification of the X-ray shielding garment is based on attenuation testing on flat material samples. We investigated the difference of shielding effectiveness compared to realistic use when the garment is worn on the body of a staff person.
Attenuation factors of X-ray protective aprons have been evaluated for several clinical scenarios with Monte Carlo (MC) calculations based on the ICRP female reference model and an experimental setup. The MC calculated attenuation factors refer to the effective dose E, whereas the measured attenuation factors refer to the personal dose equivalent Hp(10). The calculated/measured factors were compared to the attenuation factors of the identical materials measured under the conditions of the standard IEC 61331-1 that is currently in use for the type testing of X-ray protective aprons.
As a result, for example, at a common tube voltage of 80 kV, the real attenuation factors of a 0.35 mm Pb apron worn by a 3-dimensional body were 38% to 76% higher than when measured under IEC conditions on flat samples. The MC-calculated organ doses show the maximum contribution to E being within the operatoŕs abdomen/pelvis region.
With our findings, personal X-ray protective garments could be improved in effectiveness.
射线防护服的认证基于对平面材料样品的衰减测试。我们研究了当防护服穿在工作人员身上时，与实际使用相比屏蔽效率的差异。
使用蒙特卡罗（MC）计算，基于 ICRP 女性参考模型和实验设置，对几种临床情况下的 X 射线防护围裙的衰减因子进行了评估。MC 计算的衰减因子是指有效剂量 E，而测量的衰减因子是指个人剂量当量 Hp(10)。将计算/测量的因子与在当前用于 X 射线防护围裙类型测试的标准 IEC 61331-1 条件下测量的相同材料的衰减因子进行了比较。
例如，在常见的 80kV 管电压下，穿在三维身体上的 0.35mmPb 围裙的实际衰减因子比在 IEC 条件下测量的平面样品高出 38%至 76%。MC 计算的器官剂量显示，在操作员的腹部/骨盆区域内对 E 的贡献最大。
通过我们的发现，可以提高个人 X 射线防护服的有效性。
