Jie Kecheng, Zhou Yujuan, Ryan Hugh P, Dai Sheng, Nitschke Jonathan R
Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2021 May;33(18):e2005745. doi: 10.1002/adma.202005745. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
The possibility of engineering well-defined pores into liquid materials is fascinating from both a conceptual and an applications point of view. Although the concept of porous liquids was proposed in 2007, these materials had remained hypothetical due to the technical challenges associated with their synthesis. Over the past five years, however, reports of the successful construction of porous liquids based on existing porous scaffolds, such as coordination cages, organic cages, metal-organic frameworks, porous carbons, zeolites, and porous polymers, have started to emerge. Here, the focus is on these early reports of porous liquids as prototypes in the field, classified according to the previously defined types of porous liquids. Particular attention will be paid to design strategies and structure-property relationships. Porous liquids have already exhibited promising applications in gas storage, transportation, and chemical separations. Thus, they show great potential for use in the chemical industry. The challenges of preparation, scale-up, volatility, thermal and chemical stability, and competition with porous solids will also be discussed.
从概念和应用的角度来看，在液体材料中构建明确的孔隙的可能性都很吸引人。尽管多孔液体的概念在2007年就已提出，但由于其合成过程中存在的技术挑战，这些材料一直停留在理论层面。然而，在过去五年中，基于现有多孔支架（如配位笼、有机笼、金属有机框架、多孔碳、沸石和多孔聚合物）成功构建多孔液体的报道开始出现。在此，重点关注这些作为该领域原型的多孔液体的早期报道，并根据先前定义的多孔液体类型进行分类。将特别关注设计策略和结构-性能关系。多孔液体已经在气体储存、运输和化学分离方面展现出了有前景的应用。因此，它们在化学工业中显示出巨大的应用潜力。同时，也将讨论其在制备、放大生产、挥发性、热稳定性和化学稳定性以及与多孔固体的竞争等方面所面临的挑战。
