Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, United Kingdom.
Surrey and Sussex Health Protection Team (South East), Public Health England, Surrey, United Kingdom.
Euro Surveill. 2021 Mar;26(12). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.12.2000244.
In March 2019, a pertussis outbreak occurred in children in a junior school (7-11 years) in England who had been offered pertussis-containing booster vaccine at 40 months of age. In a case-control investigation, we assessed the extent of transmission and any difference in protection afforded to those who had previously received a booster 3- or 5-component acellular pertussis vaccine (aP). We took oral fluid specimens from the students to determine IgG antibodies against pertussis toxin (anti-PT). Parents of students attending the school were sent a questionnaire on pertussis symptoms and vaccination status was retrieved from general practitioner records for all students. Of 381 students, 134 (35.2%) were classified as pertussis cases, 133 by demonstration of significant anti-PT IgG titres and one clinically. There was no significant difference in the risk of pertussis between students receiving 3-component (33.7%) or 5-component (32.3%) aP boosters. However, pertussis infection differed significantly in school year 4, with 22.9%, 50.0%, 23.7% and 38.1% pertussis cases in years 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively. The proportion of students with incomplete vaccinations recorded was higher than the proportion of those not covered according to the national reported coverage, possibly contributing to sustained transmission within the school.
2019 年 3 月，英格兰一所小学（7-11 岁）的儿童中爆发百日咳疫情，这些儿童在 40 个月大时接种了含百日咳成分的加强疫苗。在病例对照调查中，我们评估了传播的程度以及对先前接种过 3 剂或 5 剂无细胞百日咳疫苗（aP）的人的保护作用的差异。我们从学生中采集了口腔液样本，以确定针对百日咳毒素（anti-PT）的 IgG 抗体。我们向学生家长发送了一份关于百日咳症状的问卷，并从所有学生的全科医生记录中检索了疫苗接种状况。在 381 名学生中，有 134 名（35.2%）被归类为百日咳病例，其中 133 名通过证明有显著的 anti-PT IgG 滴度，1 名通过临床诊断。接受 3 剂（33.7%）或 5 剂（32.3%）aP 加强疫苗的学生百日咳的风险没有显著差异。然而，在 4 年级时，百日咳感染情况有显著差异，分别有 22.9%、50.0%、23.7%和 38.1%的百日咳病例发生在 3、4、5 和 6 年级。记录的未完全接种疫苗的学生比例高于未按全国报告的覆盖率覆盖的学生比例，这可能导致学校内持续传播。
