美国肥胖导致的旷工成本：全国和州级估计。
Job Absenteeism Costs of Obesity in the United States: National and State-Level Estimates.
机构信息
Department of Policy Analysis and Management and Department of Economics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York (Dr Cawley); Department of Economics, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania (Dr Biener); College of Business, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania (Dr Meyerhoefer); Bluebird Bio, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts (Dr Ding); Nurse Disrupted, LLC, Madison, Wisconsin (Dr Zvenyach); Novo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, NJ (Dr Smolarz and Ms Ramasamy).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2021 Jul 1;63(7):565-573. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002198.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the causal effect of obesity on job absenteeism and the associated lost productivity in the United States, both nationwide and by state.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective pooled cross-sectional analysis using the 2001 to 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and estimated two-part models of instrumental variables.
RESULTS
Obesity, relative to normal weight, raises job absenteeism due to injury or illness by 3.0 days per year (128%). Annual productivity loss due to obesity ranges from $271 to $542 (lower/upper bound) per employee with obesity, with national productivity losses ranging from $13.4 to $26.8 billion in 2016. Trends in state-level estimates mirror those at the national level, varying across states.
CONCLUSIONS
Obesity significantly raises job absenteeism. Reductions in job absenteeism should be included when calculating the cost-effectiveness of interventions to prevent or reduce obesity among employed adults.
目的
在美国全国范围内和按州划分，估计肥胖对旷工的因果影响及其相关的生产力损失。
方法
我们使用 2001 年至 2016 年的医疗支出面板调查进行了回顾性汇总横断面分析，并使用工具变量估计了两部分模型。
结果
与正常体重相比，肥胖每年因受伤或患病导致旷工增加 3.0 天（128%）。肥胖导致的员工每年生产力损失在 271 至 542 美元之间（下限/上限），2016 年全国生产力损失在 134 至 268 亿美元之间。各州层面的估计趋势与全国水平一致，各州之间存在差异。
结论
肥胖显著增加旷工。在计算预防或减少在职成年人肥胖的干预措施的成本效益时，应考虑减少旷工。
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