Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2021;35(2):178-186. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000447.
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive and complex neurodegenerative disease. Approximately 70% of AD risk is attributed to genetic risk factors, including variants in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin 1 (PSEN1), and presenilin 2 (PSEN2) genes. Several studies have revealed a considerable number of candidate loci and genes for AD among different ethnic populations. However, the outcomes of these studies have been inconsistent. In this study, we aimed to investigate the spectrum of variants that are associated with the onset and development of AD among 22 Arab countries.
We systematically searched 4 literature databases (Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) from the date of inception until July 2020 using various search terms to obtain all the reported genetic data on Arab AD cases.
In total, 18 studies were included, comprising a total of 2173 individuals, of whom 888 were clinically diagnosed AD patients and were genetically tested for genes and variants associated with AD. A total of 27 variants in 8 genes were found to be associated with AD. Of these variants, 17 were unique to the Arab population and 10 were shared with other ethnic groups.
There is a dearth of studies on the genetics of AD in the Arab world. There seems to be distinctive genetic and clinical susceptibility profiles for Arab patients with AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种进行性且复杂的神经退行性疾病。大约 70%的 AD 风险归因于遗传风险因素，包括淀粉样前体蛋白（APP）、早老素 1（PSEN1）和早老素 2（PSEN2）基因的变异。多项研究揭示了不同种族人群中 AD 的许多候选基因和基因座。然而，这些研究的结果并不一致。本研究旨在调查 22 个阿拉伯国家中与 AD 发病和发展相关的变异谱。
我们使用各种搜索词，从成立日期到 2020 年 7 月，系统地搜索了 4 个文献数据库（Science Direct、Scopus、PubMed 和 Web of Science），以获取所有关于阿拉伯 AD 病例的遗传数据。
共纳入 18 项研究，共 2173 人，其中 888 人为临床诊断为 AD 的患者，对与 AD 相关的基因和变异进行了基因检测。在 8 个基因中发现了 27 个与 AD 相关的变异。其中 17 个变异是阿拉伯人群特有的，10 个与其他种族共享。
阿拉伯世界对 AD 的遗传学研究很少。阿拉伯 AD 患者似乎具有独特的遗传和临床易感性特征。
