School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Mar Environ Res. 2021 Jun;168:105294. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105294. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
As an indispensable part of the marine ecosystem, phytoplankton are important prey for zooplankton and various marine animals with important commercial value. The influence of seawater warming and eutrophication on phytoplankton communities is well known, but few studies have explained the effects of the interaction between temperature and nutrients on marine phytoplankton. Through meta-analysis and meta-regression, the phytoplankton responses to the effects of nutrient addition and seawater warming were evaluated in this study. Nitrogen (N) addition led to an increase in phytoplankton biomass, while phosphorus (P) had no significant effect on phytoplankton biomass. However, this result may be biased by the uneven distribution of the research area. N limitation is widespread in the areas where these collected studies were conducted, including many parts of North and South Atlantic and West Pacific Oceans. The key limiting nutrient in other areas lacking corresponding experiments, however, remain unclear. The effect of seawater warming was not significant, which indicates the uncertainty about the effect of temperature on phytoplankton. The results of ANOVA show that nutrient addition and seawater warming had similar effects in various marine habitats (coastal regions, estuaries and open seas), while salinity could have caused the difference in the N effects among the three habitats. Furthermore, our results showed that the impact of temperature depends on nutrient conditions, especially N status, which has rarely been considered before. This result demonstrated the importance of evaluating nutrient limitation patterns when studying climate warming. The impact of rising temperatures may need to be reevaluated because N limitation is common.
作为海洋生态系统不可或缺的一部分，浮游植物是浮游动物和各种具有重要商业价值的海洋动物的重要食物来源。海水升温与富营养化对浮游植物群落的影响已广为人知，但很少有研究解释温度和养分之间的相互作用对海洋浮游植物的影响。本研究通过荟萃分析和荟萃回归，评估了营养物质添加和海水升温对浮游植物的影响。氮（N）添加导致浮游植物生物量增加，而磷（P）对浮游植物生物量没有显著影响。然而，这个结果可能受到研究区域分布不均的影响。这些研究收集的区域普遍存在 N 限制，包括北大西洋和南大西洋以及西太平洋的许多地区。而其他缺乏相应实验的地区的关键限制营养物仍不清楚。海水升温的影响并不显著，这表明温度对浮游植物的影响存在不确定性。方差分析的结果表明，营养物质添加和海水升温在各种海洋生境（沿海地区、河口和开阔海域）中具有相似的影响，而盐度可能导致了这三种生境中 N 效应的差异。此外，我们的结果表明，温度的影响取决于营养条件，特别是 N 状况，这在以前很少被考虑。这一结果表明，在研究气候变暖时，评估营养限制模式非常重要。由于 N 限制普遍存在，因此可能需要重新评估气温升高的影响。
