Danone Nutricia Research, Palaiseau, France.
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Microbiome. 2021 Mar 26;9(1):74. doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01018-9.
While several studies have documented associations between dietary habits and microbiota composition and function in healthy individuals, no study explored these associations in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and especially with symptoms.
Here, we used a novel approach that combined data from a 4-day food diary, integrated into a food tree, together with gut microbiota (shotgun metagenomic) for individuals with IBS (N = 149) and healthy controls (N = 52). Paired microbiota and food-based trees allowed us to detect new associations between subspecies and diet. Combining co-inertia analysis and linear regression models, exhaled gas levels and symptom severity could be predicted from metagenomic and dietary data.
We showed that individuals with severe IBS are characterized by a higher intake of poorer-quality food items during their main meals. Our analysis suggested that covariations between gut microbiota at subspecies level and diet could be explained with IBS symptom severity, exhaled gas, glycan metabolism, and meat/plant ratio. We provided evidence that IBS severity is associated with altered gut microbiota hydrogen function in correlation with microbiota enzymes involved in animal carbohydrate metabolism.
Our study provides an unprecedented resolution of diet-microbiota-symptom interactions and ultimately guides new interventional studies that aim to identify gut microbiome-based nutritional recommendations for the management of gastrointestinal symptoms.
This trial was registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov, with the registration number NCT01252550 , on 3rd December 2010. Video abstract.
虽然有几项研究记录了饮食习惯与健康个体的微生物组组成和功能之间的关联，但没有研究探索这些关联在肠易激综合征（IBS）患者中，特别是在有症状的患者中。
在这里，我们使用了一种新的方法，该方法将 4 天的食物日记数据与肠道微生物组（鸟枪法宏基因组）结合起来，用于 IBS 患者（N=149）和健康对照组（N=52）。配对的微生物组和食物树允许我们检测亚种和饮食之间的新关联。结合共协方差分析和线性回归模型，可以从宏基因组和饮食数据中预测呼出气体水平和症状严重程度。
我们表明，严重 IBS 患者的主要餐中摄入了更多质量较差的食物。我们的分析表明，亚种水平的肠道微生物组和饮食之间的协变可以用 IBS 症状严重程度、呼出气体、糖代谢和肉/植物比来解释。我们提供了证据表明，IBS 严重程度与肠道微生物组中与动物碳水化合物代谢相关的微生物酶参与的氢功能改变相关。
我们的研究提供了饮食-微生物组-症状相互作用的前所未有的分辨率，并最终指导了新的干预性研究，旨在确定基于肠道微生物组的营养建议，以管理胃肠道症状。
该试验于 2010 年 12 月 3 日在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上注册，注册号为 NCT01252550。视频摘要。
