Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Neuroimaging Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Zurich Center for Neuroeconomics, Department of Economics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Biol Psychiatry. 2021 May 15;89(10):980-989. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.01.009. Epub 2021 Jan 27.
A shift from goal-directed toward habitual control has been associated with alcohol dependence. Whether such a shift predisposes to risky drinking is not yet clear. We investigated how goal-directed and habitual control at age 18 predict alcohol use trajectories over the course of 3 years.
Goal-directed and habitual control, as informed by model-based (MB) and model-free (MF) learning, were assessed with a two-step sequential decision-making task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in 146 healthy 18-year-old men. Three-year alcohol use developmental trajectories were based on either a consumption score from the self-reported Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (assessed every 6 months) or an interview-based binge drinking score (grams of alcohol/occasion; assessed every year). We applied a latent growth curve model to examine how MB and MF control predicted the drinking trajectory.
Drinking behavior was best characterized by a linear trajectory. MB behavioral control was negatively associated with the development of the binge drinking score; MF reward prediction error blood oxygen level-dependent signals in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum predicted a higher starting point and steeper increase of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test consumption score over time, respectively.
We found that MB behavioral control was associated with the binge drinking trajectory, while the MF reward prediction error signal was closely linked to the consumption score development. These findings support the idea that unbalanced MB and MF control might be an important individual vulnerability in predisposing to risky drinking behavior.
从目标导向到习惯控制的转变与酒精依赖有关。这种转变是否会导致危险饮酒尚不清楚。我们研究了 18 岁时的目标导向和习惯控制如何预测 3 年内的酒精使用轨迹。
在 146 名健康的 18 岁男性进行功能磁共振成像的两步序贯决策任务中，评估了基于模型（MB）和无模型（MF）学习的目标导向和习惯控制。基于自我报告的酒精使用障碍识别测试（每 6 个月评估一次）的消费评分或基于访谈的狂饮评分（每occasion 克酒精；每年评估一次），确定了 3 年的酒精使用发展轨迹。我们应用潜在增长曲线模型来检验 MB 和 MF 控制如何预测饮酒轨迹。
饮酒行为最好用线性轨迹来描述。MB 行为控制与狂饮评分的发展呈负相关；MF 奖励预测误差在腹侧前额叶皮层和腹侧纹状体的血氧水平依赖性信号分别预测了酒精使用障碍识别测试消费评分随时间的起始点较高和增加较快。
我们发现 MB 行为控制与狂饮轨迹有关，而 MF 奖励预测误差信号与消费评分的发展密切相关。这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即不平衡的 MB 和 MF 控制可能是导致危险饮酒行为的一个重要个体脆弱性。
