Townshend Julia M, Kambouropoulos Nicolas, Griffin Alison, Hunt Frances J, Milani Raffaella M
School of Psychology, Social Work and Human Sciences, University of West London, London, United Kingdom.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2014 Apr;38(4):1143-50. doi: 10.1111/acer.12333. Epub 2014 Jan 15.
The repeated pattern of heavy intoxication followed by withdrawal from alcohol (i.e., "binge drinking") has been found to have substantial adverse effects on prefrontal neural systems associated with decision-making and impulse control. Repeated binge drinking has been linked to risky and unplanned sexual behavior; however few studies have examined the role of impulsivity and related cognitive processes in understanding this association. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between binge drinking, "reflection impulsivity" (deficits in gathering and evaluating information during decision-making), alcohol-related expectancies, and unplanned sexual behavior in a sample of young social drinkers.
Ninety-two university students completed the alcohol use questionnaire (AUQ) to measure alcohol intake and binge drinking. Two groups (low-binge and high-binge) were generated from the AUQ data. The Information Sampling Task (IST) was used to measure reflection impulsivity; the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire (AEQ) for alcohol outcome expectancies; and an unplanned sexual behavior questionnaire, which asked about the number of unplanned sexual events.
When compared to the low-binge drinking group, the high-binge drinkers had significantly more unplanned sexual encounters and were impaired on the IST, reflection-impulsivity task. They scored higher on the alcohol expectancy factors of sociability, risk and aggression, negative self-perception, and in particular liquid courage. In a regression analysis, number of unplanned sexual encounters, binge drinking score, and liquid courage were all significantly related.
These results support the role of binge drinking in reduced impulse control and decision-making deficits. The findings indicate that high-binge drinkers demonstrate impairments on an impulse control task similar to that observed in dependent samples and this may be a factor in understanding the negative behavioral consequences associated with excessive alcohol use.
研究发现，反复出现大量饮酒后戒酒的模式（即“狂饮”）对与决策和冲动控制相关的前额叶神经系统有重大不利影响。反复狂饮与危险且无计划的性行为有关；然而，很少有研究探讨冲动性及相关认知过程在理解这种关联中的作用。本研究的目的是在年轻社交饮酒者样本中，考察狂饮、“反射性冲动”（决策过程中收集和评估信息的缺陷）、与酒精相关的预期以及无计划的性行为之间的关系。
92名大学生完成了酒精使用问卷（AUQ）以测量酒精摄入量和狂饮情况。根据AUQ数据分为两组（低狂饮组和高狂饮组）。使用信息采样任务（IST）测量反射性冲动；使用酒精预期问卷（AEQ）测量酒精结果预期；使用无计划性行为问卷询问无计划性行为的次数。
与低狂饮组相比，高狂饮者的无计划性行为明显更多，并且在IST（反射性冲动任务）上表现受损。他们在社交性、风险和攻击性、消极自我认知等酒精预期因素上得分更高，尤其是在“酒后之勇”方面。在回归分析中，无计划性行为的次数、狂饮得分和“酒后之勇”均显著相关。
这些结果支持了狂饮在降低冲动控制和决策缺陷方面的作用。研究结果表明，高狂饮者在冲动控制任务上表现出与依赖样本中观察到的类似损伤，这可能是理解与过量饮酒相关的负面行为后果的一个因素。
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