骨与软组织肉瘤的影像学表现。

Imaging of Bone Sarcomas and Soft-Tissue Sarcomas.

机构信息

Division of General Radiological Diagnostics, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria.

出版信息

Rofo. 2021 Oct;193(10):1171-1182. doi: 10.1055/a-1401-0215. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

DOI:10.1055/a-1401-0215

PMID:33772487

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In the diagnosis of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, the continuous advancement of various imaging modalities has improved the detection of small lesions, surgical planning, assessment of chemotherapeutic effects, and, importantly, guidance for surgery or biopsy.

METHOD

This review was composed based on a PubMed literature search for the terms "bone sarcoma," "bone cancer" and "soft tissue sarcoma," "imaging," "magnetic resonance imaging", "computed tomography", "ultrasound", "radiography", and "radiomics" covering the publication period 2005-2020.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION

As discussed in this review, radiography, ultrasound, CT, and MRI all play key roles in the imaging evaluation of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. In daily practice, advanced MRI techniques complement standard MRI but remain underused, as they are considered time-consuming, technically challenging, and not reliable enough to replace biopsy and histology. PET/MRI and radiomics have shown promise regarding the imaging of sarcomas in the future.

KEY POINTS

· Radiographs remain crucial in diagnostic imaging algorithms for sarcomas.. · US is an initial imaging study for the evaluation of superficial soft-tissue tumors.. · The role of CT continues to evolve as new techniques emerge.. · MRI allows the noninvasive evaluation of soft-tissue, osseous, and articular structures.. · Machine learning methods could improve personalized selection of therapy for patients with sarcoma..

CITATION FORMAT

· Igrec J, Fuchsjäger MH. Imaging of Bone and Soft-Tissue Sarcomas. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2021; 193: 1171 - 1182.

摘要

背景

在骨与软组织肉瘤的诊断中，各种影像学手段的不断进步提高了对小病灶的检出率，有助于手术规划、化疗效果评估，重要的是，还为手术或活检提供了指导。

方法

本综述基于对 2005 年至 2020 年期间的“骨肉瘤”、“骨癌”和“软组织肉瘤”、“成像”、“磁共振成像”、“计算机断层扫描”、“超声”、“射线照相术”和“放射组学”等术语的 PubMed 文献检索，进行文献综述。

结果与结论

正如本文所讨论的，射线照相术、超声、CT 和 MRI 在骨与软组织肉瘤的影像学评估中都发挥着关键作用。在日常实践中，高级 MRI 技术虽然补充了标准 MRI，但仍未得到充分应用，因为其被认为耗时、技术要求高，且不够可靠，无法替代活检和组织学。PET/MRI 和放射组学在未来的肉瘤成像方面显示出了一定的应用前景。