Owen Todd M, Luczynski Kevin C, Rodriguez Nicole M, Fisher Wayne W
University of Nebraska Medical Center's Munroe-Meyer Institute.
Children's Specialized Hospital-Rutgers University Center for Autism Research, Education, and Services and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2021 Jun;54(3):946-965. doi: 10.1002/jaba.817. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
This study assessed children's and caregivers' preferences for various arrangements of negative reinforcement, including differential negative reinforcement of an alternative behavior (DNRA), noncontingent escape (NCE), and escape extinction. In the first treatment comparison, the DNRA and NCE treatments similarly decreased problem behavior, but all 3 children preferred DNRA. By contrast, 3 of 4 caregivers preferred escape extinction, likely due to increased compliance in this condition. In a second treatment comparision with 1 child, a multiple schedule and then a chained schedule were introduced to increase the practically of the initial DNRA treatment. The child continued to prefer the treatment with contingent reinforcement in both comparisons, and his caregivers preferred the chained schedule. Results further support the selection of treatments that include contingent reinforcement, and the evaluation serves as a model for progressing through treatment options until child and caregiver preferences align.
本研究评估了儿童和照料者对各种负强化安排的偏好，包括替代行为的差别负强化（DNRA）、非连续性逃避（NCE）和逃避消退。在首次治疗比较中，DNRA和NCE治疗同样减少了问题行为，但所有3名儿童都更喜欢DNRA。相比之下，4名照料者中有3名更喜欢逃避消退，这可能是因为在这种情况下依从性有所提高。在与1名儿童进行的第二次治疗比较中，引入了多重日程安排，然后是链式日程安排，以提高初始DNRA治疗的实用性。在两次比较中，该儿童继续更喜欢有条件强化的治疗，而他的照料者则更喜欢链式日程安排。结果进一步支持了选择包括有条件强化的治疗方法，并且该评估为逐步推进治疗方案提供了一个模型，直到儿童和照料者的偏好达成一致。
