Spaite D, Criss E, Valenzuela T, Meislin H W, Ogden J R
Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson.
Ann Emerg Med. 1988 Jun;17(6):620-5. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80404-9.
A review of all railroad-related deaths and significant injuries that occurred in a medium-sized metropolitan area from January 1, 1979, to June 30, 1986, was conducted. Autopsy reports were obtained for each fatality, and pre-hospital data were retrieved for all railroad-related injuries resulting in emergency medical services dispatch. There were ten fatalities (24%) and 31 survivors. The average age was 31.2 years (range, 1 to 67). Thirty-seven (90%) were men. Eleven persons (27%) were intoxicated (average blood alcohol of 279 mg/dL; range, 140 to 460). Of the 30 survivors transported, hospital records were available for 24. Thirteen were hospitalized and ten underwent surgery. Six major amputations occurred among survivors. Six patients had an Injury Severity Score of more than 15. Three mechanisms of injury occurred: falls on or from a train (56%); pedestrians hit by a train (41%), which accounted for all fatalities; and a train-automobile accident. This is the first comprehensive review of all significant railroad-related injuries in a metropolitan area.
对1979年1月1日至1986年6月30日期间在一个中等规模大都市地区发生的所有与铁路相关的死亡和重伤事件进行了回顾。获取了每例死亡的尸检报告，并检索了所有导致紧急医疗服务调度的与铁路相关伤害的院前数据。有10人死亡（24%），31人幸存。平均年龄为31.2岁（范围为1至67岁）。37人（90%）为男性。11人（27%）醉酒（平均血液酒精含量为279毫克/分升；范围为140至460）。在被运送的30名幸存者中，有24人的医院记录可用。13人住院，10人接受了手术。幸存者中有6例进行了大截肢。6名患者的损伤严重程度评分超过15分。发生了三种受伤机制：从火车上跌落或跌落至火车上（56%）；被火车撞到的行人（41%），这占了所有死亡人数；以及火车与汽车相撞事故。这是对大都市地区所有与铁路相关的重大伤害进行的首次全面回顾。
