Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Center for Pediatric Research, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Sep;35(5):101516. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2021.101516. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemicals which are introduced into the environment by human activities. In many cases it has been proven that EDCs can cause adverse health effects in the human. EDCs are classified by their chemical structure, putative direct or indirect effects on endocrine glands and systems, may accumulate and persist in organisms and in the environment, and/or they may exert clinically observable and measurable effects. Often, EDCs may act in concert and as mixtures. Legislation to ban EDCs and protect especially pregnant women and children at young age are needed and needs to be revised and adjusted to new developments on a regular basis. Putative associations, in spite of sometimes conflicting results, have to be analyzed in in vitro model systems be it in cell biology, in vitro settings or animal studies in more detail. This chapter depicts the mainly positive albeit detrimental epidemiological findings for EDC-caused effects in the fields of growth and metabolism, neurocognitive development and sexual development and reproduction.
内分泌干扰物 (EDCs) 是人类活动引入环境的化学物质。在许多情况下，已经证明 EDCs 会对人类健康造成不良影响。EDCs 根据其化学结构、对内分泌腺和系统的直接或间接作用、在生物体和环境中的积累和持久性、以及/或者它们可能产生临床可观察和可测量的影响进行分类。通常，EDCs 可能会协同作用并形成混合物。需要立法来禁止 EDCs，并特别保护孕妇和幼儿，需要定期修订和调整以适应新的发展。尽管有时结果相互矛盾，但必须在体外模型系统中分析疑似关联，无论是在细胞生物学、体外环境还是动物研究中，都需要更详细地分析。本章描述了主要的阳性但有害的流行病学发现，这些发现涉及 EDC 引起的生长和代谢、神经认知发育以及性发育和生殖领域的影响。
