College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
J Control Release. 2021 May 10;333:107-128. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.027. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
An appropriate delivery system can improve the immune effects of antigens against various infections or tumors. Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are specialized to capture and process antigens in vivo, which link the innate and adaptive immune responses. Functionalization of vaccine delivery systems with targeting moieties to APCs is a promising strategy for provoking potent immune responses. Additionally, the internalization and intracellular distribution of antigens are closely related to the initiation of downstream immune responses. With a deeper understanding of the intracellular microenvironment and the mechanisms of antigen presentation, vehicles designed to respond to endogenous and external stimuli can modulate antigen processing and presentation pathways, which are critical to the types of immune response. Here, an overview of extracellular targeting delivery of antigens to APCs and intracellular stimulus-responsiveness strategies is provided, which might be helpful for the rational design of vaccine delivery systems.
适当的递送系统可以提高针对各种感染或肿瘤的抗原的免疫效果。抗原提呈细胞 (APC) 专门用于在体内捕获和处理抗原，连接先天和适应性免疫反应。用靶向 APC 的靶向部分对疫苗递送系统进行功能化是引发强烈免疫反应的一种有前途的策略。此外，抗原的内化和细胞内分布与下游免疫反应的启动密切相关。通过深入了解细胞内微环境和抗原呈递机制，设计能够对内源和外源刺激做出响应的载体可以调节抗原处理和呈递途径，这对免疫反应的类型至关重要。在这里，提供了一种概述，介绍了将抗原递送到 APC 的细胞外靶向递送和细胞内刺激响应策略，这可能有助于合理设计疫苗递送系统。
