Simeone Paola G, Vadini Francesco, Tripaldi Romina, Liani Rossella, Ciotti Sonia, Di Castelnuovo Augusto, Cipollone Francesco, Santilli Francesca
Department of Medicine and Aging and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, Chieti, Italy.
Psychoinfectivology Service, Pescara General Hospital, Pescara, Italy.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2021 Mar 11;13:632655. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.632655. eCollection 2021.
Growing evidence indicates that cognitive decline and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) share common vascular risk factors. Protease proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is associated with CV disease risk and has been also involved in neuronal differentiation. Evaluate whether in patients at high CV risk cognitive function is related to PCSK9 levels. . One hundred sixty-six patients (67 female) were enrolled. A detailed neuropsychological (NP) assessment was performed. PCSK9 levels were measured with ELISA. Men had significantly higher short-term memory, executive function, and praxic and mental representation skills, as reflected by Forward Digit Span (FDS) ( = 0.005), Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) ( = 0.047), Clock Drawing Test (CDT) (0.016). Endogenous PCSK9 levels were higher in female ( = 0.005). On linear regression analysis PCSK9 predicts short term memory only in females (Beta = 0.408, = 0.001), with an interaction between PCSK9 and gender ( = 0.004 for interaction PCSK9 by sex). The association of PCSK9 with FDS in female was partially mediated by waist circumference (mediation effect 8.5%). In patients at high CV risk short term memory was directly related to PCSK9 levels only in women, revealing the relevance of sex in this relationship. The association of PCSK9 with memory function may be mediated, at least in part, by waist circumference.
越来越多的证据表明，认知能力下降和心血管疾病（CVD）具有共同的血管危险因素。蛋白酶前蛋白转化酶枯草杆菌蛋白酶/kexin 9型（PCSK9）与心血管疾病风险相关，并且也参与了神经元分化。评估心血管疾病高风险患者的认知功能是否与PCSK9水平相关。招募了166名患者（67名女性）。进行了详细的神经心理学（NP）评估。用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量PCSK9水平。男性在短期记忆、执行功能以及动作和心理表征技能方面显著更高，如顺背数字广度（FDS）（P = 0.005）、连线测验A（TMT-A）（P = 0.047）、画钟试验（CDT）（P = 0.016）所示。女性的内源性PCSK9水平更高（P = 0.005）。在线性回归分析中，PCSK9仅在女性中预测短期记忆（β = 0.408，P = 0.001），PCSK9与性别之间存在交互作用（PCSK9与性别的交互作用P = 0.004）。女性中PCSK9与FDS的关联部分由腰围介导（中介效应8.5%）。在心血管疾病高风险患者中，仅在女性中短期记忆与PCSK9水平直接相关，揭示了性别在这种关系中的相关性。PCSK9与记忆功能的关联可能至少部分由腰围介导。
