IBT-V02:一种多组分类毒素疫苗可预防 引起的原发性和继发性皮肤感染。

IBT-V02: A Multicomponent Toxoid Vaccine Protects Against Primary and Secondary Skin Infections Caused by .

机构信息

Integrated BioTherapeutics, Rockville, MD, United States.

Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 10;12:624310. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624310. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

causes a wide range of diseases from skin infections to life threatening invasive diseases such as bacteremia, endocarditis, pneumonia, surgical site infections, and osteomyelitis. Skin infections such as furuncles, carbuncles, folliculitis, erysipelas, and cellulitis constitute a large majority of infections caused by (SA). These infections cause significant morbidity, healthcare costs, and represent a breeding ground for antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, skin infection with SA is a major risk factor for invasive disease. Here we describe the pre-clinical efficacy of a multicomponent toxoid vaccine (IBT-V02) for prevention of acute skin infections and recurrence. IBT-V02 targets six SA toxins including the pore-forming toxins alpha hemolysin (Hla), Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), leukocidin AB (LukAB), and the superantigens toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B. Immunization of mice and rabbits with IBT-V02 generated antibodies with strong neutralizing activity against toxins included in the vaccine, as well as cross-neutralizing activity against multiple related toxins, and protected against skin infections by several clinically relevant SA strains of USA100, USA300, and USA1000 clones. Efficacy of the vaccine was also shown in non-naïve mice pre-exposed to . Furthermore, vaccination with IBT-V02 not only protected mice from a primary infection but also demonstrated lasting efficacy against a secondary infection, while prior challenge with the bacteria alone was unable to protect against recurrence. Serum transfer studies in a primary infection model showed that antibodies are primarily responsible for the protective response.

摘要

导致从皮肤感染到危及生命的侵袭性疾病,如菌血症、心内膜炎、肺炎、手术部位感染和骨髓炎等多种疾病。(SA)引起的皮肤感染,如疖、痈、毛囊炎、丹毒和蜂窝织炎,构成了由 SA 引起的大多数感染。这些感染会导致严重的发病率、医疗保健费用,并成为抗生素耐药性的滋生地。此外,SA 引起的皮肤感染是侵袭性疾病的主要危险因素。在这里,我们描述了一种多组分类毒素疫苗(IBT-V02)预防急性皮肤感染和复发的临床前疗效。IBT-V02 针对 6 种 SA 毒素,包括成孔毒素α溶血素(Hla)、金葡菌杀白细胞素(PVL)、白细胞素 AB(LukAB)以及超抗原中毒性休克综合征毒素-1 和葡萄球菌肠毒素 A 和 B。用 IBT-V02 免疫小鼠和兔子可产生针对疫苗中包含的毒素的强中和抗体,以及针对多种相关毒素的交叉中和活性,并可预防几种与临床相关的 USA100、USA300 和 USA1000 克隆的 SA 菌株引起的皮肤感染。该疫苗在预先接触过 的非初免小鼠中也显示出疗效。此外,IBT-V02 疫苗接种不仅保护小鼠免受初次感染,而且对二次感染也显示出持久的疗效,而单独用细菌进行预先挑战则无法预防复发。在初次感染模型中的血清转移研究表明,抗体是保护性反应的主要原因。

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