Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2021 Mar 10;12:641507. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641507. eCollection 2021.
RNA methylation is a kind of RNA modification that exists widely in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. RNA methylation occurs not only in mRNA but also in ncRNA. According to the different sites of methylation, RNA methylation includes mA, mC, mG, and 2-O-methylation modifications. Modifications affect the splicing, nucleation, stability and immunogenicity of RNA. RNA methylation is involved in many physiological and pathological processes. In the immune system, especially for tumor immunity, RNA methylation affects the maturation and response function of immune cells. Through the influence of RNA immunogenicity and innate immune components, modifications regulate the innate immunity of the body. Some recent studies verified that RNA methylation can regulate tumor immunity, which also provides a new idea for the future of treating immunological diseases and tumor immunotherapy.
RNA 甲基化是一种广泛存在于真核生物和原核生物中的 RNA 修饰。RNA 甲基化不仅发生在 mRNA 中，也发生在 ncRNA 中。根据甲基化的不同位点，RNA 甲基化包括 mA、mC、mG 和 2'-O-甲基化修饰。修饰影响 RNA 的剪接、起始、稳定性和免疫原性。RNA 甲基化参与许多生理和病理过程。在免疫系统中，特别是对于肿瘤免疫，RNA 甲基化影响免疫细胞的成熟和反应功能。通过影响 RNA 的免疫原性和先天免疫成分，修饰调节机体的先天免疫。一些最近的研究证实 RNA 甲基化可以调节肿瘤免疫，这也为未来治疗免疫性疾病和肿瘤免疫治疗提供了新的思路。
