早产对适应性免疫发育的影响及临床意义。
Impact and Clinical Implications of Prematurity on Adaptive Immune Development.
作者信息
Idzikowski Emma, Connors Thomas J
机构信息
Division of Pediatric Critical Care and Hospitalist Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, NY.
出版信息
Curr Pediatr Rep. 2020 Dec;8(4):194-201. doi: 10.1007/s40124-020-00234-5. Epub 2020 Oct 26.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Detail normal adaptive immune maturation during fetal and neonatal life and review the clinical implications of arrested immune development.
RECENT FINDINGS
Advancements in the field of immunology have enabled investigations of the adaptive immunity starting during fetal life. New insights have drawn important distinctions between the neonatal and adult immune systems. The presence of diverse immunologic responses in the perinatal period suggests the importance of immune development. Disruption of immune maturation due to premature birth may have significant implications for clinical pathology.
SUMMARY
Establishing protective adaptive immunity during the perinatal period is critical for effective immune responses later in life. Preterm infants are susceptible to aberrant immune system maturation and inflammatory immune responses have been associated with the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Improving our understanding of how immune responses contribute to the pathogenesis of NEC and BPD may offer new opportunities for future treatment and prevention of these diseases.
综述目的
详述胎儿期和新生儿期正常的适应性免疫成熟过程，并探讨免疫发育停滞的临床意义。
最新发现
免疫学领域的进展使得对始于胎儿期的适应性免疫的研究成为可能。新的见解揭示了新生儿免疫系统与成人免疫系统之间的重要差异。围产期存在多种免疫反应表明免疫发育的重要性。早产导致的免疫成熟中断可能对临床病理学有重大影响。
总结
在围产期建立保护性适应性免疫对于生命后期有效的免疫反应至关重要。早产儿易出现免疫系统成熟异常，炎症性免疫反应与坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）和支气管肺发育不良（BPD）的发生有关。增进我们对免疫反应如何导致NEC和BPD发病机制的理解，可能为这些疾病的未来治疗和预防提供新机会。
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